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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2015-11-4-344-354</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-125</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>INFLUENCE OF THE CYP3A4 ISOENZYME METABOLIC ACTIVITY AND CYP2C19 GENE POLYMORPHISMS ON CLOPIDOGREL ANTIPLATELET EFFECT IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ВЛИЯНИЕ МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ ИЗОФЕРМЕНТА CYP3A4 И ПОЛИМОРФНЫХ МАРКЕРОВ ГЕНА CYP2C19 НА АНТИАГРЕГАНТНЫЙ ЭФФЕКТ КЛОПИДОГРЕЛА У БОЛЬНЫХ С ОСТРЫМ КОРОНАРНЫМ СИНДРОМОМ, ПЕРЕНЕСШИХ ЧРЕСКОЖНОЕ КОРОНАРНОЕ ВМЕШАТЕЛЬСТВО</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзаев</surname><given-names>К. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzaev</surname><given-names>K. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>м.н.с. группы клинико-фармакологических технологий</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Junior Researcher, Group of Clinical and Pharmacological Technology of the Research Center</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karin05doc@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казаков</surname><given-names>Р. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakov</surname><given-names>R. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., руководитель лаборатории клинической фармакогенетики и персонализированной медицины</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacogenetics and Personalized Medicine</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.фарм.н., зав. лабораторией клинической фармакологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, State Research Center Institute of Immunology</p><p>Kashirskoye shosse, 24-2, Moscow, 115478 Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры неотложной кардиологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Chair of the Urgent Cardiology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sychev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, зав. кафедрой клинической фармакологии и терапии, в.н.с. группы клинико-фармакологических технологий</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Head of the Chair of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy; Leading Researcher, Group of Clinical and Pharmacological Technology of the Research Center</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия последипломного образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Center for Evaluation of Medical Products</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный научный центр Институт иммунологии, Федеральное медико-биологическое агентство России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>09</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>344</fpage><lpage>354</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Mirzaev K.B., Kazakov R.E., Smirnov V.V., Andreev D.A., Sychev D.A., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мирзаев К.Б., Казаков Р.Е., Смирнов В.В., Андреев Д.А., Сычев Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mirzaev K.B., Kazakov R.E., Smirnov V.V., Andreev D.A., Sychev D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/125">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/125</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Carriership of CYP2C19*2 allelic variant and reduced CYP3A4 activity can affect the formation of clopidogrel’s active metabolite and, respectively, its antiplatelet effect. We sought to determine the impact of CYP3A4 isoenzyme activity and CYP2C19 polymorphisms on platelet aggregation.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 81 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and subsequent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI): 64 males and 17 females, mean age 63.9±10.9 years. CYP2C19 allelic variants were detected by the method of real-time polymerase chain reaction. CYP3A4 isoenzyme activity was estimated by urinary 6-β-hydroxycortisol/free cortisol ratio (6-OHC/FC) using the method of high-performance liquid chromatography. Platelet functional activity was evaluated by a portative aggregometer - the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Logistic regression analysis has demonstrated significantly increased risk of clopidogrel resistance in patients-carriers of the CYP2C19*2 polymorphism (p=0.022). CYP2C19*2 non-carriers had significantly higher mean platelet inhibition percentage as compared with the carriers of this allele: 30.7±20.1 in the CYP2C19*1/*1 group vs 18.2±16.4 in the CYP2C19*1/*2 one (р=0.03). Clopidogrel laboratory resistance (P2Y12 Reaction Units (PRU)&gt;208) was found out to be higher in the CYP2C19*2-carriers as compared with non-carriers: 53.8% in the patients with the CYP2C19*1/*2 genotype and 16.2% in subjects with the CYP2C19*1/*1 genotype (odds ratio [OR]=1.8; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.0–3.2; р=0.0067). Linear regression analysis has revealed that smaller mean diameter of stent slightly reduces the risk of clopidogrel resistance development. No significant distinctions in urinary 6-OHC/FC ratios (the marker of CYP3A4 activity) were observed: 3.4±2.8 in the PRU&gt;208 group and 3.2±3.0 in the PRU&lt;208 group (p=0.8). Besides, no significant correlation between platelet activity and the 6-OHC/FC ratio was found (р=0.84).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. CYP2C19*2-carriership in ACS patients undergoing PCI significantly increases the risk of clopidogrel laboratory resistance. The urinary 6-OHC/FC ratio (as a marker of CYP3A4 isoenzyme activity) does not correlate with platelett functional activity.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Носительство аллельного варианта CYP2C19*2 и снижение активности изофермента CYP3A4 может влиять на процесс образования активного метаболита клопидогрела, и, соответственно, на его антиагрегантный эффект. Целью исследования является оценка влияния активности изофермента CYP3A4 и полиморфных маркеров гена CYP2C19 на функциональную активность тромбоцитов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включен 81 пациент с острым коронарным синдромом (ОКС) и последующим чрескожным коронарным вмешательством (ЧКВ): 64 мужчины и 17 женщин; средний возраст: 63,9±10,9 года. Аллельные варианты гена CYP2C19 определялись методом полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени. Активность изофермента CYP3A4 оценивалась через измерение отношения концентрации 6-β-гидроксикортизола к кортизолу (6-OHC/FC) в утренней моче методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии. Функциональная активность тромбоцитов оценивалась с использованием портативного агрегометра VerifyNow P2Y12 assay.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Логистический регрессионный анализ показал достоверное повышение риска развития резистентности к клопидогрелу у пациентов-носителей полиморфного маркера CYP2C19*2 (р=0,022). Средний процент ингибирования тромбоцитов был значительно выше у пациентов без CYP2C19*2 по сравнению с носителями данного аллеля: 30,7±20,1 в группе CYP2C19*1/*1 против 18,2±16,4 в группе CYP2C19*1/*2 (р=0,03). Лабораторная резистентность к клопидогрелу (P2Y12 Reaction Units (PRU)&gt;208) оказалась выше среди носителей CYP2C19*2, по сравнению с пациентами без данного аллеля: 53,8% среди пациентов с генотипом CYP2C19*1/*2 и 16,2% с генотипом CYP2C19*1/*1 (отношение шансов [ОШ]=1,8; 95% доверительный интервал [95% ДИ]: 1,0-3,2; р=0,0067). Линейный регрессионный анализ показал, что меньшее значение среднего диаметра стента незначительно снижает риск развития резистентности к клопидогрелу. Значимых различий по показателю 6-OHC/FC в утренней моче (маркер активности CYP3A4) не обнаружено: 3,4±2,8 в группе PRU&gt;208 и 3,2±3,0 в группе PRU&lt;208 (p=0,8). Кроме того, не отмечалось статистически значимой корреляции между активностью тромбоцитов и отношением 6-OHC/FC (р=0,84).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Носительство CYP2C19*2 у пациентов с ОКС, подвергнутых ЧКВ, достоверно повышает риск развития лабораторной резистентности к клопидогрелу. Отношение 6-OHC/FC в утренней моче, как маркер активности изофермента CYP3A4, не коррелирует с функциональной активностью тромбоцитов.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>CYP2C19*2</kwd><kwd>острый коронарный синдром</kwd><kwd>CYP3A4</kwd><kwd>фармакогенетика</kwd><kwd>клопидогрел</kwd><kwd>блокаторы P2Y12-рецепторов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>CYP2C19*2</kwd><kwd>acute coronary syndrome</kwd><kwd>CYP3A4</kwd><kwd>pharmacogenetics</kwd><kwd>clopidogrel</kwd><kwd>P2Y12-receptor blockers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ruggeri Z.M., Platelets in atherothrombosis, Nature Med, 2002;8:1227-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ruggeri Z.M., Platelets in atherothrombosis, Nature Med, 2002;8:1227-34.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Montalescot G, Sechtem U, Achenbach S, et al. 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