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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2016-12-6-749-757</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-1380</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CURRENT QUESTIONS OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ  ВОПРОСЫ  КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ ФАРМАКОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>THE USE OF ENOXAPARIN IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ЭНОКСАПАРИНА ПРИ ОСТРОМ КОРОНАРНОМ СИНДРОМЕ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнова Елена Амишевна – доктор медицинских наук, зав. кардиологическим отделением, Областной клинический кардиологический диспансер; доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии РязГМУ.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Smirnova - MD, PhD, Head of Cardiology Department, Regional Clinical Cardiology Center; Associate Professor, Chair of Hospital Therapy, Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov. </p><p>Stroykova ul. 96, Ryazan, 390026 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Smirnova-EA@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якушин</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakushin</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Якушин Сергей Степанович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой госпитальной терапии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey S. Yakushin - MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Chair of Hospital Therapy</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Рязанский областной клинический кардиологический диспансер; &#13;
Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Clinical Cardiology Center; &#13;
Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>01</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>749</fpage><lpage>757</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Smirnova E.A., Yakushin S.S., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смирнова Е.А., Якушин С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smirnova E.A., Yakushin S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/1380">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/1380</self-uri><abstract><p>The article discusses the choice of anticoagulant in different patterns of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). According to current recommendations three groups of agents are used as anticoagulants in ACS: unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), fondaparinux, and bivalirudin. UFH was the main parenteral anticoagulant therapy for ACS for several decades, including percutaneous coronary interventions, but a number of limitations and side effects of the drug contributed to the emergence of new anticoagulants with lower molecular weight. Among the LMWH, which have a higher bioavailability and significant convenience of administration, only enoxaparin has significant clinical advantage over UFH considering the prognosis for patients with ACS. At the same time throughout the period of ACS, including invasive procedures, change of heparin products is extremely undesirable, since switching from enoxaparin to UFH and vice versa, not only reduces the effectiveness of the treatment, but also increases the risk of bleeding. Fondaparinux has optimal efficacy/safety profile in ACS with no ST elevation, regardless of the chosen tactics. If it is unavailable, enoxaparin or UFH may be an alternative. Bivalirudin is the optimal alternative to UFH in combination with GP IIb/IIIa platelet receptor blockers in case of invasive treatment strategy. In patients with impaired renal function with glomerular filtration rate (GFR)&lt;30 mL/min/1.73m2 enoxaparin dose should be reduced to 1 mg/kg, 1 time a day, with GFR &lt;15 mL/min/1.73m2 the drug is contraindicated. Fondaparinux safety is superior to enoxaparin in patients with chronic kidney disease, however the drug is not recommended in GFR&lt;20 ml/min/1.73m2. In this case UFH should be preferred due to the ease of monitoring anticoagulant activity and the ability to quickly neutralize its activity in the case of bleeding.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье обсуждаются вопросы выбора антикоагулянтов при различных вариантах течения острого коронарного синдрома (ОКС). Согласно современным рекомендациям в качестве антикоагулянтов при ОКС применяются три группы препаратов: нефракционированный и низкомолекулярные гепарины (НФГ и НМГ), фондапаринукс и бивалирудин. НФГ на протяжении нескольких десятилетий был основным парентеральным антикоагулянтом для терапии ОКС, в том числе при чрезкожных коронарных вмешательствах, однако целый ряд ограничений и побочных эффектов, свойственных этому препарату, способствовали появлению новых антикоагулянтов с меньшей молекулярной массой. Среди НМГ, обладающих более высокой биодоступностью и значительным удобством применения, только эноксапарин имеет достоверное клиническое преимущество перед НФГ по влиянию на прогноз больных с ОКС. При этом на протяжении всего периода ОКС, в том числе во время инвазивных процедур, смена препаратов гепарина крайне нежелательна, т.к. переход с эноксапарина на НФГ и наоборот не только уменьшает эффективность лечения, но и увеличивает риск развития кровотечений. Оптимальный профиль эффективность/безопасность при ОКС без подъема сегмента ST вне зависимости от выбранной тактики ведения имеет фондапаринукс, при невозможности его назначения альтернативой для проведения антикоагулянтной терапии являются эноксапарин или НФГ. Бивалирудин – оптимальная альтернатива НФГ в сочетании с блокаторами GP IIb/IIIa рецепторов тромбоцитов при инвазивной тактике лечения. У больных с нарушенной функцией почек при скорости клубочковой фильтрации (СКФ)&lt;30 мл/мин/1,73м2 дозу эноксапарина необходимо снизить до 1 мг/кг 1 раз в сут, при СКФ&lt;15 мл/мин/1,73м2 препарат противопоказан. Фондапаринукс по безопасности имеет преимущества перед эноксапарином у больных с хронической болезнью почек, однако при СКФ&lt;20 мл/мин/1,73м2 назначать препарат не рекомендуется, в данной ситуации следует отдать предпочтение НФГ в связи с легкостью мониторирования антикоагулянтной активности и возможностью быстрой нейтрализации его активности в случае кровотечения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый коронарный синдром</kwd><kwd>нефракционированный гепарин</kwd><kwd>эноксапарин</kwd><kwd>фондапаринукс</kwd><kwd>бивалирудин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute coronary syndrome</kwd><kwd>unfractionated heparin</kwd><kwd>enoxaparin</kwd><kwd>fondaparinux</kwd><kwd>bivalirudin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McLean J. The thromboplastin action of cephalin. 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