rpcardioRational Pharmacotherapy in CardiologyРациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии1819-64462225-3653«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC10.20996/1819-6446-2017-13-3-403-408rpcardio-1493Research ArticlePOINT OF VIEWТОЧКА ЗРЕНИЯTHE PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIASРАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТЬ И КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ НАРУШЕНИЙ РИТМА СЕРДЦАЗатонскаяЕ. В.ZatonskayaE. V.

Затонская Елена Владимировна – аспирант кафедры кардиологии и функциональной диагностики, Институт последипломного образования 

660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1

Elena V. Zatonskaya - MD, Post-Graduate Student, Chair of Cardiology and Functional Diagnostics, Institute of Professional Education 

Partizana Zheleznyaka ul. 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022

evzatonskaya@mail.ruМатюшинГ. В.MatyushinG. V.

Матюшин Геннадий Васильевич – д.м.н., профессор, зав. кафедрой кардиологии и функциональной диагностики, Институт последипломного образования 

660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1

Gennady V. Matyushin - MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Chair of Cardiology and Functional Diagnostics, Institute of Professional Education 

Partizana Zheleznyaka ul. 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022

ГоголашвилиН. ГGogolashviliN. G.

Гоголашвили Николай Гамлетович – д.м.н., профессор кафедры кардиологии и функциональной диагностики, Институтпоследипломного образования, КрасГМУ им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого; зав. кардиологическим отделением, Научно-исследовательский институт медицинских проблем Севера 

660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, 1

Nikolay G. Gogolashvili - MD, PhD, Professor, Chair of Cardiology and Functional Diagnostics, Institute of Professional Education, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky; Head of Cardiology Department, Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North 

Partizana Zheleznyaka ul. 3g, Krasnoyarsk, 660022

Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-ЯсенецкогоРоссияKrasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voyno-YasenetskyRussian FederationКрасноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-ЯсенецкогоРоссияKrasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky; Research Institute of Medical Problems of the NorthRussian Federation201704072017133403408Copyright © Zatonskaya E.V., Matyushin G.V., Gogolashvili N.G., 20172017Затонская Е.В., Матюшин Г.В., Гоголашвили Н.Г.Zatonskaya E.V., Matyushin G.V., Gogolashvili N.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/1493

Arrhythmias are one of the most complex, insufficiently studied, and therefore one of the most urgent problems of modern cardiology. A wide spectrum of clinical manifestations of cardiac rhythm disorders (CRDs), their detection both in various diseases and in healthy people, necessitate the study of their prevalence in populations. In the majority of conducted epidemiological studies a single recording of electrocardiogram (ECG) was used. This is the most usable method for examination of large populations but a little informative for detecting arrhythmias. The small frequency of CRDs detected during ECG recording is due to the short duration of its registration. An increase in the duration of ECG recording (ECG recording for 2 minutes, continuous recording of 100 cardiocycles) leads to an increase in arrhythmias frequency. With a wide introduction in the practice of ECG monitoring by Holter as well as the use of individual recorders of electrocardiogram ("handheld ECG recording") data appeared indicating a much higher frequency of CRDs. Data obtained in numerous studies on the prevalence of arrhythmias are very contradictory and depend both on the characteristics of populations and on methodological approaches, which requires further epidemiological studies. At the same time, the main initiating point of such researches is the clinical significance of certain CRDs. However, if the clinical significance of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and atrial fibrillation does not currently cause any doubt, the clinical significance of extrasystoles is highly controversial, despite the high their prevalence, including this in prognostically unfavorable groups of patients. In recent years, the results of a number of studies have been published that allow to think about the adverse effects of both supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles of the course of certain cardiovascular diseases. Very heterogeneous results of the performed studies, as well as data about the high clinical significance of individual CRDs, make further epidemiological studies in this field extremely urgent.

Аритмии являются одной из актуальных проблем современной кардиологии. Широкий спектр клинических проявлений нарушений ритмасердца (НРС), выявление их как при различных заболеваниях, так и у здоровых людей обуславливают потребность изучения их распространенностив популяциях. В большинстве проведенных эпидемиологических исследований использовалась однократная регистрация электрокардиограммы (ЭКГ), наиболее доступный для обследования больших групп населения, но малоинформативный метод выявления аритмий. Небольшая частота НРС при однократной записи ЭКГ объясняется кратковременностью регистрации последней. Увеличение продолжительностизаписи ЭКГ (запись ЭКГ в течение 2 мин, непрерывная регистрация 100 кардиоциклов) приводит к росту частоты аритмий. С широким внедрением в практику мониторирования ЭКГ по Холтеру, а также с началом использования индивидуальных регистраторов ЭКГ («handheld ECGrecording») появились данные, указывающие на значительно более высокую частоту НРС. Полученные в многочисленных исследованиях данные о распространенности аритмий весьма противоречивы и зависят как от особенностей отдельных популяций, так и от методологическихподходов, что требует проведения дальнейших эпидемиологических исследований. В то же время основным инициирующим моментом таких исследований является клиническая значимость отдельных нарушений ритма. Однако, если клиническое значение желудочковых тахиаритмийи фибрилляции предсердий не вызывает в данный момент никаких сомнений, то клиническая значимость экстрасистолии, несмотря на высокую распространенность последней, в том числе в прогностически неблагоприятных группах пациентов, является весьма дискуссионной.За последние годы были опубликованы результаты ряда исследований, которые позволяют задуматься о неблагоприятном влиянии как наджелудочковой, так и желудочковой экстрасистолии на течение отдельных сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Неоднородные результаты выполненных исследований, а также данные о высокой клинической значимости отдельных НРС делают инициацию дальнейших эпидемиологических исследований в этой области крайне актуальной. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.