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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2018-14-5-765-773</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-1767</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POINT OF VIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТОЧКА ЗРЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Myocardial Infarction with  Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries (МINОСА) – a Trendy Term or a New Diagnostic Concept?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфаркт миокарда с необструктивным поражением коронарных артерий (МINОСА) – модный термин или новая диагностическая концепция?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якушин</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakushin</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Якушин Сергей Степанович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии, РязГМУ.</p><p>390026, Рязань, Высоковольтная ул., 9.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey S. Yakushin – MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Chair of Hospital Therapy.</p><p>Vysokovoltnaya ul. 9, Ryazan, 390026.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ssyakushin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>765</fpage><lpage>773</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Yakushin S.S., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Якушин С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakushin S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/1767">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/1767</self-uri><abstract><p>The new term «MINOCA» (myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries) emerged in the literature about 5 years ago and characterizes the syndrome with heterogeneous etiology and pathogenesis, which reflects the development of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive lesions of the coronary  arteries, occurring in both cardiological and noncardiac diseases. The article gives detail focus on origin, definition, pathological bases of MINOCA. It also examines the role of coronary (non-obstructive atherosclerosis, microvascular dysfunction, coronary  spasm, "myocardial bridge", coronary  arteries dissection) and  non-coronary reasons, caused  by cardiac (cardiomyopathy, myocarditis) and non-cardiac (pulmonary embolism, thrombophilia) diseases.</p><p>In analyses of publications much attention is given to the discussion of diagnosis and differential diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of MINOCA. Recommended methods of examination are given depending on the  alleged cause  of the  occurrence of MINOCA. Two clinical cases  demonstrated difficulty in diagnosis of this condition and  the  importance of an individual approach. Attention is also given to the  absence of currently clinical guidelines for the  management of patients with MINOCA and  to the  significant differences in the  use  of different classes of cardiotropic drugs according to different author’s mind.</p><p>Author  gives the  opinion that  MINOCA has  a certain practical significance as a preliminary "diagnosis" before  final establishing the  disease. In conclusion, it is emphasized that the MINOCA syndrome terminology and characteristic is controversial now. This mind confirmed by a new definition of this condition in the Forth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (European Society of Cardiology, 2018).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В обзорной статье обсуждается появившийся в последнее пятилетие в литературе новый термин «MINOCA» (myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary  arteries), который  характеризует гетерогенный по этиологии и патогенезу  синдром, отражающий развитие инфаркта миокарда при необструктивном поражении коронарных артерий (КА) как при кардиологических, так и при некардиологических заболеваниях. В обзоре подробно обсуждаются вопросы  возникновения, дефиниции, патоморфологических основ MINOCA, рассматривается роль коронарогенных (необструктивный атеросклероз, микроваскулярная дисфункция, коронароспазм, «миокардиальный мостик»,  диссекция КА) и некоронарогенных причин, вызванных кардиальными (кардиомиопатии, миокардиты) и некардиальными (тромбоэмболия легочных артерий,  тромбофилии) заболеваниями.</p><p>При анализе источников  литературы большое внимание в обзоре отводится  обсуждению вопросов диагностики и дифференциальной диагностики, прогноза и лечения при данном состоянии, приводятся рекомендуемые методы обследования в зависимости от предполагаемой причины  возникновения MINOCA. Сложности  диагностики этого состояния  и важность  индивидуально подхода демонстрируется двумя сложными клиническими случаями. В разделе лечения  обращается внимание на отсутствие в настоящее время  клинических рекомендаций по ведению больных с MINOCA и достаточно большие различия в использовании различных классов кардиотропных препаратов по данным разных авторов. Автором высказывается мнение, что синдром MINOCA имеет определенное практическое значение и рассматривается как предварительный диагноз на пути установления окончательной нозологической формы. Также подчеркивается, что терминология и характеристика синдрома MINOCA является дискуссионной и по настоящее время, что подтверждается новой, несколько измененной дефиницией данного состояния  в 4-м универсальном определении инфаркта миокарда Европейского общества кардиологов (2018), приводимой в статье.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>MINOCA</kwd><kwd>инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>необструктивное поражение коронарных сосудов</kwd><kwd>дифференциальная  диагностика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>MINOCA</kwd><kwd>myocardial infarction</kwd><kwd>non-obstructive coronary  disease</kwd><kwd>differential diagnosis</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hochman J.S., Tamis J.E., Thompson T.D. et al. Sex, clinical presentation, and outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromes. 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