rpcardioRational Pharmacotherapy in CardiologyРациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии1819-64462225-3653«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC10.20996/1819-6446-2018-14-6-879-886rpcardio-1802Research ArticleASSOCIATED PROBLEMS OF CARDIOLOGYСМЕЖНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ КАРДИОЛОГИИChronic Heart Failure in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients (Part II): Difficulties of DiagnosisХроническая сердечная недостаточность у больных ревматоидным артритом (часть II): трудности диагностикиНовиковаД. С.NovikovaD. S.

д.м.н., в.н.с., лаборатория ревмокардиологии

MD, PhD, Leading Researcher, Rheumocardiology Laboratory

diananovikova75@yandex.ruУдачкинаЕ. В.UdachkinaH. V.

м.н.с., лаборатория ревмокардиологии

MD, Junior Researcher, Rheumocardiology Laboratory

КирилловаИ. Г.KirillovaI. G.

м.н.с., лаборатория ревмокардиологии

MD, Junior Researcher, Rheumocardiology Laboratory

ПопковаТ. В.PopkovaT. V.

д.м.н., в.н.с., лаборатория системных ревматических заболеваний

MD, PhD, Leading Researcher, Systemic Rheumatic Diseases Laboratory

Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. НасоновойРоссияV.A. Nasonova Research Institute of RheumatologyRussian Federation201804012019146870878Copyright © Novikova D.S., Udachkina H.V., Kirillova I.G., Popkova T.V., 20192019Новикова Д.С., Удачкина Е.В., Кириллова И.Г., Попкова Т.В.Novikova D.S., Udachkina H.V., Kirillova I.G., Popkova T.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/1802

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by a twofold increase in morbidity and mortality due to chronic heart failure (CHF). At the same time, the prevalence of CHF among RA patients is significantly underestimated. The aim of the review was to analyze the results of the main studies on the features of the clinical presentation of heart failure (HF) in RA patients, the role of visualization techniques and biomarkers in the diagnosis of HF and preclinical dysfunction of the myocardium. HF in patients with RA is characterized by a predominance of HF with a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The use of clinical diagnostic criteria in RA patients can lead to both over- or underdiagnosis of CHF. Systolic dysfunction estimated by LVEF is rare in RA and does not reflect the real frequency of myocardial dysfunction. Echocardiography (ECHO-CG) with tissue Doppler echocardiography (TDE) and visualization of myocardial deformation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart in RA patients revealed a high frequency of HF with preserved ejection fraction, left ventricular remodeling and hypertrophy, pre-clinical systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Determination of natriuretic peptides is useful for verifying the diagnosis of HF and estimating the prognosis in this cohort, despite the possible decrease in the sensitivity and specificity of these indicators in RA patients. The review discusses the advantages of MRI of the heart, including quantitative T1 and T2 regimens, in the diagnosis of myocarditis, myocardial fibrosis, and myocardial perfusion disorders in RA patients. In order to verify the diagnosis of heart failure and detect pre-clinical myocardial dysfunction in RA patients, the determination of natriuretic peptides concentration should become part of the routine examination, beginning with the debut of the disease, along with the collection of a cardiological history, physical examination, ECHO-CT with TDE, and visualization of myocardial deformation. Evaluation of the quantitative characteristics of tissue according to MRI of the heart could improve the diagnosis of myocardial damage.

Ревматоидный артрит (РА) характеризуется двукратным увеличением заболеваемости и смертности, ассоциированных с хронической сердечной недостаточностью (ХСН). При этом распространенность ХСН среди больных РА существенно недооценена. Целью обзора явился анализ результатов основных работ, посвященных особенностям клинической картины ХСН у больных РА, роли визуализирующих методик и биомаркеров в диагностике ХСН, доклинической дисфункции миокарда. При РА преобладает ХСН с сохраненной фракцией выброса (ФВ) левого желудочка (ЛЖ). Применение клинических диагностических критериев может привести к гипер- или гиподиагностике ХСН у больных РА. Систолическая дисфункция, оцененная по ФВ ЛЖ, при РА выявляется редко и не отражает реальную частоту миокардиальной дисфункции. С помощью эхокардиографии (ЭХО-КГ) с тканевой допплерографией (ТДГ) и визуализацией деформации миокарда, магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) сердца при РА выявлена высокая частота ХСН с сохраненной ФВ ЛЖ, ремоделирования и гипертрофии ЛЖ, доклинической систолической и диастолической дисфункции. Несмотря на возможное снижение чувствительности и специфичности у больных РА, определение натрийуретических пептидов целесообразно для верификации диагноза ХСН и оценки прогноза в данной когорте. В обзоре обсуждаются преимущества МРТ сердца, в том числе, количественных режимов Т1 и Т2 в диагностике миокардита, фиброза миокарда и нарушений перфузии миокарда у больных РА. Для верификации диагноза ХСН и выявления доклинической миокардиальной дисфункции у больных РА определение концентрации натрийуретических пептидов должно стать частью рутинного обследования, начиная с дебюта заболевания, наряду со сбором кардиологического анамнеза, физикальным осмотром, ЭХО-КГ с ТДГ и визуализацией деформации миокарда. Оценка количественных характеристик ткани по данным МРТ сердца может улучшить диагностику поражения миокарда.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.