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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2018-14-6-917-921</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-1809</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POINT OF VIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТОЧКА ЗРЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Correction of Hypercholesterolemia in Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases: Features and Controversial Issues</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Коррекция гиперхолестеринемии в первичной и вторичной профилактике сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний: особенности и спорные вопросы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмеджанов</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmedzhanov</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., в.н.с., отдел профилактики метаболических нарушений</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Leading Researcher, Department of Metabolic Disorders Prevention</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nakhmedzhanov@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Небиеридзе</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nebieridze</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, руководитель отдела профилактики метаболических нарушений</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Department of Metabolic Disorders Prevention,</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафарян</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safaryan</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., в.н.с., отдел профилактики метаболических нарушений</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Leading Researcher, Department of Metabolic Disorders Prevention</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр профилактической медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Center for Preventive Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>917</fpage><lpage>921</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Akhmedzhanov N.M., Nebieridze D.V., Safaryan A.S., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ахмеджанов Н.М., Небиеридзе Д.В., Сафарян А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akhmedzhanov N.M., Nebieridze D.V., Safaryan A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/1809">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/1809</self-uri><abstract><p>The article discusses the current prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in everyday clinical practice in patients of different risk categories and approaches to its correction in the most frequently used clinical guidelines. High prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in practical health care with little change over time is shown. The existing problems of the practical implementation of the principles of a healthy lifestyle as the basis for reducing cardiovascular risk and possible solutions are described. Attention is focused on a low number of patients taking statins, and even less – reaching recommended target cholesterol levels. It is emphasized the validity of lower, compared to previous, target cholesterol levels in National recommendations on the correction of dyslipidemia in patients with proven atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases as well as the feasibility in some cases of combined lipidlowering therapy (statins in combination with intestinal cholesterol absorption blockers, PCSK9 inhibitors, high doses of ethyl eicosopentaenoic acid). It is commented the need to prescribe statins in persons older than 75 years, but with a careful approach. Particular attention is paid to the use of statins in the primary prevention of cardiovascular complications. The validity of prescribing fixed moderate doses of statins for this purpose is discussed, which is both scientifically based and more realistic in practical terms.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>статье обсуждается современная распространенность гиперхолестеринемии в повседневной клинической практике у пациентов различных категорий риска и подходы к ее коррекции в наиболее часто применяемых клинических рекомендациях. Показана высокая распространен- ность гиперхолестеринемии в условиях практического здравоохранения, мало меняющаяся с течением времени. Охарактеризованы суще- ствующие проблемы практического внедрения принципов здорового образа жизни как основы снижения сердечно-сосудистого риска и возможные пути их решения. Акцентируется внимание на малом количестве пациентов, реально принимающих статины, и еще меньшем – достигающих рекомендованных целевых уровней холестерина. Подчеркивается обоснованность более низких, по сравнению с предыдущими, целевых уровней холестерина в отечественных рекомендациях по коррекции дислипидемии для пациентов с доказанными обусловленными атеросклерозом сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями и целесообразность в ряде случаев применения комбинированной гиполипидеми- ческой терапии (статины в сочетании с блокаторами кишечного всасывания холестерина, ингибиторами PCSK9, высокими дозами этила эй- козопентаеновой кислоты). Отмечается необходимость назначения статинов у лиц старше 75 лет, но при осторожном подходе. Особое вни- мание уделено обсуждению вопросов применения статинов в первичной профилактике сердечно-сосудистых осложнений, обсуждается обоснованность назначения с этой целью фиксированных умеренных доз статинов, что является и научно обоснованным, и более реали- стичным в практическом плане.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гиперхолестеринемия</kwd><kwd>статины</kwd><kwd>первичная и вторичная профилактика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypercholesterolemia</kwd><kwd>statins</kwd><kwd>primary and secondary prevention</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шальнова С.А., Конради А.О., Карпов Ю.А., и др. Анализ смертности от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в 12 регионах Российской Федерации, участвующих в исследовании «Эпидемиология Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания в разных регионах России». 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