<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2020-02-01</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-2105</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NOTES FROM PRACTICE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ ОПЫТ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Decrease in Efficacy of Warfarin as a Result of Drug-Drug Interaction (Case Report)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Снижение эффективности варфарина в результате межлекарственного взаимодействия (клинический случай)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ватутин</surname><given-names>Н. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vatutin</surname><given-names>N. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ватутин Николай Тихонович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии, Донецкий национальный медицинский университет им. М. Горького; заведующий отделом неотложной кардиологии и кардиохирургии, Институт неотложной и восстановительной хирургии им. В.К. Гусака</p><p>ДНР/Украина, 83000, Донецк, пр. Ильича, 16;ДНР/Украина, 83000, Донецк, Ленинский пр., 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay T. Vatutin – MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Chair of Hospital Therapy, Donetsk National Medical University named after M. Gorky; Head of Division of Cardiac Surgery and Urgent Cardiology, Institute of Urgent and Reconstructive Surgery named after V.K. Gusak</p><p>Ilyicha pr. 16, Donetsk, 83000 Donetsk People Republic/Ukraine;Leninskij pr. 47, Donetsk, 83000 Donetsk People Republic/ Ukraine</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарадин</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taradin</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тарадин Геннадий Геннадьевич – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, кафедра госпитальной терапии, Донецкий национальный медицинский университет им. М. Горького; с.научный сотрудник, отдел неотложной кардиологии и кардиохирургии, Институт неотложной и восстановительной хирургии им. В.К. Гусака</p><p>ДНР/Украина, 83000, Донецк, пр. Ильича, 16;ДНР/Украина, 83000, Донецк, Ленинский пр., 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennadiy G. Taradin – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Hospital Therapy, Donetsk National Medical University named after M. Gorky; Senior Researcher, Division of Cardiac Surgery and Urgent Cardiology, Institute of Urgent and Reconstructive Surgery named after V.K. Gusak</p><p>Ilyicha pr. 16, Donetsk, 83000 Donetsk People Republic/Ukraine;Leninskij pr. 47, Donetsk, 83000 Donetsk People Republic/ Ukraine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">taradin@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатенко</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatenko</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игнатенко Григорий Анатольевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член корреспондент НАМН Украины, ректор, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтической и внутренней медицины, Донецкий национальный медицинский университет им. М. Горького</p><p>Донецк, пр. Ильича, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigorij A. Ignatenko – MD, PhD, Professor, Corresponding Member of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Head of Chair of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Rector of Donetsk National Medical University named after M. Gorky</p><p>Ilyicha pr. 16, Donetsk, 83000 Donetsk People Republic/Ukraine</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гасендич</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gasendich</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гасендич Екатерина Сергеевна – ассистент, кафедра госпитальной терапии</p><p>ДНР/Украина, 83000, Донецк, пр. Ильича, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina S. Gasendich – MD, Assistant, Chair of Hospital Therapy</p><p>Ilyicha pr. 16, Donetsk, 83000 Donetsk People Republic/Ukraine</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харченко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Harchenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Харченко Анастасия Владимировна – ассистент, кафедра госпитальной терапии</p><p>ДНР/Украина, 83000, Донецк, пр. Ильича, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasija V. Harchenko – MD, Assistant, Chair of Hospital Therapy</p><p>Ilyicha pr. 16, Donetsk, 83000 Donetsk People Republic/Ukraine</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поваляева</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Povaljaeva</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поваляева Ирина Борисовна – врач, отделение функциональной диагностики</p><p>ДНР/Украина, 83000, Донецк, Ленинский пр., 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina B. Povaljaeva – MD, Doctor, Department of Functional Diagnostics</p><p>Leninskij pr. 47, Donetsk, 83000 Donetsk People Republic/ Ukraine</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донецкий национальный медицинский университет им. М. Горького;&#13;
Институт неотложной и восстановительной хирургии им. В.К. Гусака</institution><country>Украина</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Donetsk National Medical University named after M. Gorky;&#13;
Institute of Urgent and Reconstructive Surgery named after V.K. Gusak</institution><country>Ukraine</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донецкий национальный медицинский университет им. М. Горького</institution><country>Украина</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Donetsk National Medical University named after M. Gorky</institution><country>Ukraine</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт неотложной и восстановительной хирургии им. В.К. Гусака</institution><country>Украина</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Urgent and Reconstructive Surgery named after V.K. Gusak</institution><country>Ukraine</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Vatutin N.T., Taradin G.G., Ignatenko G.A., Gasendich E.S., Harchenko A.V., Povaljaeva I.B., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ватутин Н.Т., Тарадин Г.Г., Игнатенко Г.А., Гасендич Е.С., Харченко А.В., Поваляева И.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vatutin N.T., Taradin G.G., Ignatenko G.A., Gasendich E.S., Harchenko A.V., Povaljaeva I.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2105">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2105</self-uri><abstract><p>The one of the main aims in modern clinical pharmacology is to provide safe and effective therapy considering a frequent administration of several drugs having different drug-drug interactions. Warfarin belongs to the number of popular anticoagulants which along with its efficiency not infrequently alters anticoagulant characteristics when administered with other drugs and food products. A case of a decrease in the efficacy of warfarin in a patient with mitral stenosis while taking a combined choleretic drug is presented in the article. The components of this choleretic drug (dry animal bile, dry garlic extract, dry nettle extract, activated charcoal) could impair the absorption of warfarin, increase intestinal absorption of vitamin K, and have a negative effect on the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Management of patients receiving anticoagulants should be performed in accordance with clinical recommendations. Prescription of drugs, including multicomponent ones, without proven efficacy, for such patients should be considering the potential drug interaction.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В современной клинической фармакологии одной из главных целей является обеспечение безопасной и эффективной терапии, учитывая частое назначение нескольких препаратов, нередко обладающих различным межлекарственным взаимодействием. К числу наиболее популярных антикоагулянтов относят варфарин, который наряду со своей эффективностью нередко изменяет антикоагулянтные свойства при назначении с другими препаратами и пищевыми продуктами. В статье представлен случай снижения эффективности варфарина у пациентки с митральным стенозом на фоне приема комбинированного желчегонного препарата. Компоненты данного желчегонного препарата (желчь животная сухая, экстракт чеснока сухой, экстракт крапивы сухой, уголь активированный) могли ухудшить всасываемость варфарина, увеличить кишечное усвоение витамина К и оказать негативное влияние на антикоагулянтный эффект варфарина. Ведение больных, получающих антикоагулянты, должно проводиться в соответствии с клиническими рекомендациями. Назначение таким пациентам препаратов, в том числе многокомпонентных, без доказанной эффективности должно проводиться обязательно с учетом потенциального лекарственного взаимодействия.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>варфарин</kwd><kwd>антикоагулянтный эффект</kwd><kwd>межлекарственные взаимодействия</kwd><kwd>международное нормализованное отношение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>warfarin</kwd><kwd>anticoagulant effect</kwd><kwd>drug-drug interactions</kwd><kwd>international normalized ratio</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Манешина О.А., Белоусов Ю.Б. Полипрагмазия и лекарственные взаимодействия у пожилых пациентов. Качественная Клиническая Практика. 2008;3:90-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maneshina O.A., Belousov J.B. Polypharmacy and drug interactions in the elderly patients. Kachestvennaya Klinicheskaya Praktika. 2008;(3):90-3 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hanlon J., Schmader K., Koronkowski M., et al. Adverse drug events in high risk older outpatients. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1997;45(8):945-8. DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb02964.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hanlon J., Schmader K., Koronkowski M., et al. Adverse drug events in high risk older outpatients. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1997;45(8):945-8. DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb02964.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Отделенов В.А., Новакова А.И., Карасев А.В. и др. Оценка частоты потенциально значимых межлекарственных взаимодействий у больных с полипрагмазией в многопрофильном стационаре. Клиническая Фармакология и Терапия. 2012;21(5):81-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Otdelenov V.A., Novakova A.I., Karasev A.V., et al. Estimation of the incidence of potentially significant drug-drug interactions in patients with polypharmacy in the general hospital. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy. 2012;21(5):81-5 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лазебник Л.Б., Конев Ю.В., Дроздов В.Н., Ефремов Л.И. Полипрагмазия: гериатрический аспект проблемы. Consilium Medicum. 2007;12:29-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lazebnik L.B., Konev J.V., Drozdov V.N., Efremov L.I. Polypharmacy: the geriatric aspect of the problem. Consilium Medicum. 2007;12:29-34 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ватутин Н.Т., Гасендич Е.С., Иофе Е.И. Случай приобретенной коагулопатии. Архивъ Внутренней Медицины. 2018;8(6):480-2. DOI:10.20514/2226-6704-2018-8-6-480-482.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vatutin M.T., Gasendich E.S., Iofe E.I. Case of acquired coagulopathy. The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine. 2018;8(6):480-2 (In Russ.). DOI:10.20514/2226-6704-2018-8-6-480-482.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дземешкевич С.Л., Панченко Е.П. Антикоагулянтная терапия у пациентов с клапанными пороками сердца. Русский Медицинский Журнал. 2001;10:427-30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzemeshkevich S.L. Panchenko E.P. Anticoagulant therapy in patients with cardiac valve abnormalities. Russian Medical Journal. 2001;10:427-30 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leite P.M., Martins M.A.P., Castilho R.O. Review on mechanisms and interactions in concomitant use of herbs and warfarin therapy. Biomed Pharmacother. 2016;83:14-21. DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2016.06.012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leite P.M., Martins M.A.P., Castilho R.O. Review on mechanisms and interactions in concomitant use of herbs and warfarin therapy. Biomed Pharmacother. 2016;83:14-21. DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2016.06.012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кропачева Е.С., Панченко Е.П., Добровольский А.Б., Саидова М.А. Резистентность к варфарину у больной с абсолютными показаниями к приему антагонистов витамина К. Атеротромбоз. 2009;1(2):99-104.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kropacheva E.S., Panchenko Е.P., Dobrovolsky A.В., Saidova M.A. Resistance to warfarin in a patient with absolute contraindications to use vitamin K antagonists. Atherothrombosis Journal. 2009;1(2):99-104 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tatsumi A., Kadobayashi M., Iwakawa S. Effect of ethanol on the binding of warfarin enantiomers to human serum albumin. Biol Pharm Bull. 2007;30(4):826-9. DOI:10.1248/bpb.30.826.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tatsumi A., Kadobayashi M., Iwakawa S. Effect of ethanol on the binding of warfarin enantiomers to human serum albumin. Biol Pharm Bull. 2007;30(4):826-9. DOI:10.1248/bpb.30.826.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fung E., Patsopoulos N.A., Belknap S.M., et al. Effect of genetic variants, especially CYP2C9 and VKORC1, on the pharmacology of warfarin. Thromb Hemost. 2012;38(8):893-904. DOI:10.1055/s-0032-1328891.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fung E., Patsopoulos N.A., Belknap S.M., et al. Effect of genetic variants, especially CYP2C9 and VKORC1, on the pharmacology of warfarin. Thromb Hemost. 2012;38(8):893-904. DOI:10.1055/s-0032-1328891.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Arifi M.N., Wajid S., Al-Manie N.K., et al. Evaluation of knowledge of health care professionals on warfarin interactions with drug and herb medicinal in Central Saudi Arabia. Pak J Med Sci. 2016;2(1):229-233. DOI:10.12669/pjms.321.8902.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al-Arifi M.N., Wajid S., Al-Manie N.K., et al. Evaluation of knowledge of health care professionals on warfarin interactions with drug and herb medicinal in Central Saudi Arabia. Pak J Med Sci. 2016;2(1):229-233. DOI:10.12669/pjms.321.8902.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Инструкция по применению лекарственного препарата для медицинского применения Аллохол [цитировано 10.08.2019. Доступно на: https://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/Grls_View_v2.aspx?routingGuid=ba3f0e46-5098-46e4-933f172319b8ff7f&amp;t=.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Instructions for use of the drug for medical use of Allochol [cited by Oct 08, 2019. Available from: https://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/Grls_View_v2.aspx?routingGuid=ba3f0e46-5098-46e4-933f172319b8ff7f&amp;t=. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bielecki S., Dolim Lee D., Hamad B. The market for oral anticoagulants. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 2018;17:617-8. DOI:10.1038/nrd.2018.89.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bielecki S., Dolim Lee D., Hamad B. The market for oral anticoagulants. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 2018;17:617-8. DOI:10.1038/nrd.2018.89.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jaiswal P., Shinde S. Anticoagulants market-global opportunity analysis and industry forecast, 2018-2025. Allied Market Research. 2018. [cited by Oct 08, 2019]. Available from: https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/anticoagulant-drugs-market .</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jaiswal P., Shinde S. Anticoagulants market-global opportunity analysis and industry forecast, 2018-2025. Allied Market Research. 2018. [cited by Oct 08, 2019]. Available from: https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/anticoagulant-drugs-market .</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pirmohamed M. Warfarin: the end or the end of one size fits all therapy? J Pers Med. 2018;8(3):piiE22. DOI:10.3390/jpm8030022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pirmohamed M. Warfarin: the end or the end of one size fits all therapy? J Pers Med. 2018;8(3):piiE22. DOI:10.3390/jpm8030022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скирденко Ю.П., Николаев Н.А. Новые подходы к индивидуализированному выбору пероральных антикоагулянтов у больных фибрилляцией предсердий. Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии. 2018;14(1):58-64 DOI:10.20996/1819-6446-2018-14-1-58-64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skirdenko J.P., Nikolayev N.A. New Approaches to Individualized Choice of Oral Anticoagulants in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology 2018;14(1):58-64 (In Russ.)  DOI:10.20996/1819-6446-2018-14-1-58-64.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Марцевич С.Ю., Лукина Ю.В. Варфарин и его значение в эру новых оральных антикоагулянтов. Вопросы контроля эффективности и безопасности лечения. Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии. 2017;13(5):699-705. DOI:10.20996/1819-6446-2017-13-5-699-705.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martsevich S.Y., Lukina Y.V. Warfarin and its Importance in the Era of New Oral Anticoagulants. Issues of Monitoring the Effectiveness and Safety of Treatment. Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology. 2017;13(5):699-705 (In Russ.). DOI:10.20996/1819-6446-2017-13-5-699-705.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Durães A.R., de Souza Lima Bitar Y., Filho J.A.L, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in patients with mechanical heart valve: rationale and design of the RIWA Study. Drugs R D. 2018;18(4):303-8. DOI:10.1007/s40268-018-0249-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Durães A.R., de Souza Lima Bitar Y., Filho J.A.L, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in patients with mechanical heart valve: rationale and design of the RIWA Study. Drugs R D. 2018;18(4):303-8. DOI:10.1007/s40268-018-0249-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Macan H., Uykimpang R., Alconcel M., et al. Aged garlic extract may be safe for patients on warfarin therapy. J Nutr. 2006;136(3 Suppl):793S-795S. DOI:10.1093/jn/136.3.793S.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Macan H., Uykimpang R., Alconcel M., et al. Aged garlic extract may be safe for patients on warfarin therapy. J Nutr. 2006;136(3 Suppl):793S-795S. DOI:10.1093/jn/136.3.793S.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Choi S., Oh D.S., Jerng U.M. A systematic review of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of herbal medicine with warfarin. PLoS One. 2017;12(8):e0182794. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0182794.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Choi S., Oh D.S., Jerng U.M. A systematic review of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of herbal medicine with warfarin. PLoS One. 2017;12(8):e0182794. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0182794.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rahman K. Effects of garlic on platelet biochemistry and physiology. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007;51(11):1335-44. DOI:10.1002/mnfr.200700058.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rahman K. Effects of garlic on platelet biochemistry and physiology. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007;51(11):1335-44. DOI:10.1002/mnfr.200700058.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mohammed Abdul M.I., Jiang X., Williams K.M., et al. Pharmacodynamic interaction of warfarin with cranberry but not with garlic in healthy subjects. Br J Pharmacol. 2008;154(8):1691-700. DOI:10.1038/bjp.2008.210.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mohammed Abdul M.I., Jiang X., Williams K.M., et al. Pharmacodynamic interaction of warfarin with cranberry but not with garlic in healthy subjects. Br J Pharmacol. 2008;154(8):1691-700. DOI:10.1038/bjp.2008.210.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fasinu P.S., Bouic P.J., Rosenkranz B. An overview of the evidence and mechanisms of herbdrug interactions. Front Pharmacol. 2012;3:69. DOI:10.3389/fphar.2012.00069.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fasinu P.S., Bouic P.J., Rosenkranz B. An overview of the evidence and mechanisms of herbdrug interactions. Front Pharmacol. 2012;3:69. DOI:10.3389/fphar.2012.00069.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lutomski J., Speichert H. Die Brennessel in Heilkunde und Ernährung. Pharmazie in unserer Zeit. 1983;12:181-6. DOI:10.1002/pauz.19830120602.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lutomski J., Speichert H. Die Brennessel in Heilkunde und Ernährung. Pharmazie in unserer Zeit. 1983;12:181-6. DOI:10.1002/pauz.19830120602.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Biró-Sándor Z. Assessment report on Urtica Dioica L., and Urtica Urens L., herba. London: European Medicines Agency; 2008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Biró-Sándor Z. Assessment report on Urtica Dioica L., and Urtica Urens L., herba. London: European Medicines Agency; 2008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dhouibi R., Affes H., Ben Salem M., et al. Screening of pharmacological uses of Urtica dioica and others benefits. Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2020;150:67-77. DOI:10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2019.05.008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dhouibi R., Affes H., Ben Salem M., et al. Screening of pharmacological uses of Urtica dioica and others benefits. Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2020;150:67-77. DOI:10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2019.05.008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McDowell L.R. Vitamins in animal and human nutrition. 2nd Edition. New York: John Wiley &amp; Sons; 2008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McDowell L.R. Vitamins in animal and human nutrition. 2nd Edition. New York: John Wiley &amp; Sons; 2008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
