<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2020-03-02</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-2155</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Infectious Endocarditis in the Elderly – Comparative Study of Clinical Features, Course and Outcomes</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекционный эндокардит у пожилых – сравнительный анализ клиники, течения и исходов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чипигина</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chipigina</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чипигина Наталия Семеновна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, кафедра факультетской терапии им. академика А.И. Нестерова</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia S. Chipigina – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Faculty Therapy named after Academician A.I. Nesterov</p><p> Ostrovityanova ul. 1, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chipigina-natalia56@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпова</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpova</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпова Нина Юрьевна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, кафедра факультетской терапии им. академика А.И. Нестерова</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina Yu. Karpova – MD, PhD, Professor, Chair of Faculty Therapy named after Academician A.I. Nesterov</p><p>Ostrovityanova ul. 1, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аничков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anichkov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аничков Дмитрий Александрович – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, кафедра факультетской терапии им. академика А.И. Нестерова</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii A. Anichkov – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Faculty Therapy named after Academician A.I. Nesterov</p><p>Ostrovityanova ul. 1, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьева</surname><given-names>Т. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratieva</surname><given-names>T. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондратьева Татьяна Борисовна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, кафедра госпитальной терапии №1</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana B. Kondratieva – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Hospital Therapy №1</p><p>Trubetskaya ul. 8-2, Moscow, 119991 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>166</fpage><lpage>174</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Chipigina N.S., Karpova N.Y., Anichkov D.A., Kondratieva T.B., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чипигина Н.С., Карпова Н.Ю., Аничков Д.А., Кондратьева Т.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chipigina N.S., Karpova N.Y., Anichkov D.A., Kondratieva T.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2155">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2155</self-uri><abstract><p>In the context of the increased incidence of infectious endocarditis (IE) in the elderly, an assessment of clinical features of IE in elderly patients is still controversial.</p><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the clinical features and outcomes of IE in patients aged ≥65 years.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. А comparative assessment of risk factors, etiology, clinical manifestations, outcomes was performed in 75 IE patients ≥65 years old and in 356 IE patients &lt;65 years old.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In patients ≥65 years old IE was more often associated with previous medical care (odds ratio [OR]=14.9; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 8.6;25.9), infections and tumors of the genitourinary system or tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (OR=12.6; 95%CI 6.4;24.6); there were more concomitant oncological diseases (OR=66.2; 95%CI 19.3;226.8), diabetes mellitus (OR=9.9; 95%CI 4.5;22.1), chronic kidney disease (OR=27.0; 95%CI 13.6;53.3). In patients ≥65 years old compared with non-drug users IE patients &lt;65 years old (n=266), the incidence of enterococcal IE was higher (OR=3.3; 95%CI 1.4;7.9); the timing of IE diagnosis was longer – 60 (37;152) vs 30 (20;110) days (p&lt;0.05); cardiac surgery was performed less often (8% vs 24.8%; p&lt;0.05); in-hospital mortality was almost two-fold higher. However, with the exclusion from the mortality rate assessment of postmortem diagnosed IE cases in-hospital mortality in patients ≥65 years old and patients &lt;65 years old did not differ significantly (14.8% vs 12.2% in non-drug users &lt;65 years old and 14.9% in drug-users IE).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Late diagnosis of IE and comorbidity, which limits the possibility of cardiac surgery, are the most important prognostic unfavorable features of IE in the elderly.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В условиях роста заболеваемости инфекционным эндокардитом (ИЭ) у пожилых людей современная оценка особенностей течения и прогноза ИЭ у пожилых людей не лишена противоречий.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить особенности клинического течения и исходы ИЭ у больных в возрасте ≥65 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведен сравнительный анализ факторов риска, этиологии, клинических проявлений, исходов ИЭ у 75 больных ≥65 лет и у 356 больных &lt;65 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У больных ≥65 лет ИЭ был чаще связан с предшествующей медицинской помощью (отношение шансов [ОШ]=14,9; 95% до-верительный интервал [95%ДИ] 8,6;25,9), с инфекциями и опухолями мочеполовой системы или опухолями желудочно-кишечного тракта (ОШ=12,6; 95%ДИ 6,4;24,6); у них чаще имелись сопутствующие онкологические заболевания (ОШ=66,2; 95%ДИ 19,3;226,8), сахарный диабет (ОШ=9,9; 95%ДИ 4,5;22,1), хроническая болезнь почек (ОШ=27,0; 95%ДИ 13,6;53,3). У пожилых в сравнении больными &lt;65 лет, не злоупотребляющими наркотиками (n=266), была выше частота энтерококкового ИЭ (ОШ=3,3; 95%ДИ 1,4;7,9); ИЭ у них диагностировался позднее – в среднем через 60 (37;152) дней в сравнении с 30 (20;110) днями (р&lt;0,05); реже проводилось кардиохирургическое лечение (8% и 24,8%, соответственно; р&lt;0,05); внутрибольничная летальность была почти в 2 раза выше. Однако при исключении из оценки летальности случаев ИЭ, не диагностированных прижизненно, внутрибольничная летальность у больных ≥65 лет и больных &lt;65 лет значимо не отличалась (14,8% в сравнении с 12,2% при ИЭ у не наркоманов &lt;65 лет и 14,9% при ИЭ наркоманов).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Поздняя диагностика ИЭ и коморбидность, ограничивающая возможность кардиохирургического лечения – наиболее важные прогностически неблагоприятные особенности ИЭ у пожилых.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекционный эндокардит</kwd><kwd>пожилые</kwd><kwd>этиология</kwd><kwd>клиника</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>infectious endocarditis</kwd><kwd>elderly</kwd><kwd>etiology</kwd><kwd>clinic</kwd><kwd>outcome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ватутин Н.Т., Тарадин Г.Г., Чаус Е.А., Смирнова А.С. Инфекционный эндокардит у пожилых: от этиологических особенностей до лечения и профилактики. Российский Кардиологический Журнал. 2016;(1):80-9. DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2016-1-80-89.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vatutin N.T., Taradin G.G., Tchaus E.A., Smirnova A.S. Infective endocarditis in elderly: from etiology to treatment and prevention. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2016;(1):80-9 (In Russ.). DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2016-1-80-89.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Slipczuk L., Codolosa J.N., Davila C.D., et al. Infective endocarditis epidemiology over five decades: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2013;8(12):e82665. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0082665.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Slipczuk L., Codolosa J.N., Davila C.D., et al. Infective endocarditis epidemiology over five decades: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2013;8(12):e82665. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0082665.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sy R.W., Kritharides L. Health care exposure and age in infective endocarditis: results of a contemporary population-based profile of 1536 patients in Australia. Eur Heart J, 2010;31(15):1890-7. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq110.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sy R.W., Kritharides L. Health care exposure and age in infective endocarditis: results of a contemporary population-based profile of 1536 patients in Australia. Eur Heart J, 2010;31(15):1890-7. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq110.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nakatani S., Mitsutake K., Ohara T., et al.; CADRE Investigators. Recent picture of infective endocarditis in Japan--lessons from Cardiac Disease Registration (CADRE-IE). Circ J. 2013;77(6):1558-64. DOI:10.1253/circj.CJ-12-1101.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nakatani S., Mitsutake K., Ohara T., et al.; CADRE Investigators. Recent picture of infective endocarditis in Japan--lessons from Cardiac Disease Registration (CADRE-IE). Circ J. 2013;77(6):1558-64. DOI:10.1253/circj.CJ-12-1101.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Selton-Suty Ch., Célard M, Le Moing V., et al.; AEPEI Study Group.Preeminence of Staphylococcus aureus in infective endocarditis: a 1-year population-based survey. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54(9):1230- 9. DOI:10.1093/cid/cis199.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Selton-Suty Ch., Célard M, Le Moing V., et al.; AEPEI Study Group. Preeminence of Staphylococcus aureus in infective endocarditis: a 1-year population-based survey. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54(9):1230- 9. DOI:10.1093/cid/cis199.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">DeSimone D.C., Tleyjeh I.M., Correa de Sa D.D., et al. Temporal trends in infective endocarditis epidemiology from 2007 to 2013 in Olmsted County, MN. Am Heart J. 2015t;170(4):830-6. DOI:10.1016/j.ahj.2015.07.007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">DeSimone D.C., Tleyjeh I.M., Correa de Sa D.D., et al. Temporal trends in infective endocarditis epidemiology from 2007 to 2013 in Olmsted County, MN. Am Heart J. 2015t;170(4):830-6. DOI:10.1016/j.ahj.2015.07.007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ursi M.P., Durante Mangoni E., Rajani R., et al.Infective Endocarditis in the Elderly: Diagnostic and Treatment Options. Drugs Aging. 2019;36(2):115-24. DOI:10.1007/s40266-018-0614-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ursi M.P., Durante Mangoni E., Rajani R., et al. Infective Endocarditis in the Elderly: Diagnostic and Treatment Options. Drugs Aging. 2019;36(2):115-24. DOI:10.1007/s40266-018-0614-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Di Salvo G., Thuny F., Rosenberg V., et al. Endocarditis in the elderly: clinical, echocardiographic, and prognostic features. Eur Heart J. 2003;24(17):1576-83. DOI:10.1016/S0195-668X(03)00309-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Di Salvo G., Thuny F., Rosenberg V., et al. Endocarditis in the elderly: clinical, echocardiographic, and prognostic features. Eur Heart J. 2003;24(17):1576-83. DOI:10.1016/S0195-668X(03)00309-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Durante-Mangoni E., Bradley S, Selton-Suty C., et al.; International Collaboration on Endocarditis Prospective Cohort Study Group.Current features of infective endocarditis in elderly patients: results of the International Collaboration on Endocarditis Prospective Cohort Study. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(19):2095-103. DOI:10.1001/archinte.168.19.2095.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Durante-Mangoni E., Bradley S, Selton-Suty C., et al.; International Collaboration on Endocarditis Prospective Cohort Study Group.Current features of infective endocarditis in elderly patients: results of the International Collaboration on Endocarditis Prospective Cohort Study. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(19):2095-103. DOI:10.1001/archinte.168.19.2095.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Habib G., Hoen B., Tornos P., et al.; ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines. Guidelines on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infective endocarditis (new version 2009) The Task Force for the Management of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Endorsed by the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) and by the International Society of Chemotherapy (ISC) for Infection and Cancer. Eur Heart J. 2009;30(19):2369- 413. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp285.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Habib G., Hoen B., Tornos P., et al.; ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines. Guidelines on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infective endocarditis (new version 2009) The Task Force for the Management of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Endorsed by the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) and by the International Society of Chemotherapy (ISC) for Infection and Cancer. Eur Heart J. 2009;30(19):2369- 413. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp285.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Habib G., Lancellotti P., Antunes M.J., et al.; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis: The Task Force for the Management of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). Eur Heart J. 2015;36(44):3075-128. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv319.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Habib G., Lancellotti P., Antunes M.J., et al.; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis: The Task Force for the Management of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). Eur Heart J. 2015;36(44):3075-128. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv319.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Buchholtz K., Larsen C.T., Hassager C., Bruun N.E. In infectious endocarditis patients mortality is highly related to kidney function at time of diagnosis: a prospective observational cohort study of 231 cases. Eur J Intern Med. 2009;20(4):407-10. DOI:10.1016/j.ejim.2008.12.017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buchholtz K., Larsen C.T., Hassager C., Bruun N.E. In infectious endocarditis patients mortality is highly related to kidney function at time of diagnosis: a prospective observational cohort study of 231 cases. Eur J Intern Med. 2009;20(4):407-10. DOI:10.1016/j.ejim.2008.12.017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kourany W.M., Miro J.M., Moreno A., et al. Influence of diabetes mellitus on the clinical manifestations and prognosis of infective endocarditis: a report from the International Collaboration on Endocarditis-Merged Database. Scand J Infect Dis. 2006;38(8):613-9. DOI:10.1080/00365540600617017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kourany W.M., Miro J.M., Moreno A., et al. Influence of diabetes mellitus on the clinical manifestations and prognosis of infective endocarditis: a report from the International Collaboration on Endocarditis-Merged Database. Scand J Infect Dis. 2006;38(8):613-9. DOI:10.1080/00365540600617017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чипигина Н.С., Карпова Н.Ю., Барсегян В.А., Тимофеев В.Т. Инфекционный эндокардит и злокачественные новообразования: факты и гипотезы. Клиницист. 2018;12(1):17-24. DOI:10.17650/1818-8338-2018-12-1-17-24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chipigina N.S., Karpova N.Y., Barsegyan V.A., Timofeev V.T. Infective endocarditis and malignant neoplasms: facts and hypotheses. The Clinician. 2018;12(1):17-24 (In Russ.) DOI:10.17650/1818-8338-2018-12-1-17-24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cecchi E., Chirillo F., Castiglione A., et al. Clinical epidemiology in Italian Registry of Infective Endocarditis (RIEI): Focus on age, intravascular devices and enterococci. Int J Cardiol. 2015;190:151-6. DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.04.123.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cecchi E., Chirillo F., Castiglione A., et al. Clinical epidemiology in Italian Registry of Infective Endocarditis (RIEI): Focus on age, intravascular devices and enterococci. Int J Cardiol. 2015;190:151-6. DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.04.123.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cahill T.J., Baddour L.M., Habib G., et al. Challenges in Infective Endocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69(3):325-344. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.10.066.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cahill T.J., Baddour L.M., Habib G., et al. Challenges in Infective Endocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69(3):325-344. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.10.066.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aguilar-Company J., Pigrau C., Fernández-Hidalgo N., et al. Native vertebral osteomyelitis in aged patients: distinctive features. An observational cohort study. Infection. 2018;46(5):679-86. DOI:10.1007/s15010-018-1177-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aguilar-Company J., Pigrau C., Fernández-Hidalgo N., et al. Native vertebral osteomyelitis in aged patients: distinctive features. An observational cohort study. Infection. 2018;46(5):679-86. DOI:10.1007/s15010-018-1177-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
