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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2020-04-09</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-2164</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTH</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ КАРДИОЛОГИЯ И ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Glomerular Filtration Rate, its Association with Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Diseases. The Results of the ESSE-RF-2 Study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Скорость клубочковой фильтрации, ее ассоциации с факторами риска и сердечнососудистыми заболеваниями. Результаты исследования ЭССЕ-РФ-2</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шальнова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalnova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шальнова Светлана Анатольевна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>101000, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Shalnova – MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases</p><p>Petroverigsky per. 10, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максимов Сергей Алексеевич - доктор медицинских наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник, отдел эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>101000, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Maksimov – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases</p><p>Petroverigsky per. 10, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m1979sa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баланова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balanova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баланова Юлия Андреевна - кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, отдел эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>101000, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia A. Balanova – MD, PhD, Leading Researcher, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases</p><p>Petroverigsky per. 10, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евстифеева</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evstifeeva</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евстифеева Светлана Евгеньевна - кандидат медицинских наук, с.н.с., отдел эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>101000, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana E. Evstifeeva – MD, PhD, Senior Researcher, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases</p><p>Petroverigsky per. 10, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имаева</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imaeva</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Имаева Асия Эмверовна - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, отдел эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>101000, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Asiia E. Imaeva – MD, PhD, Senior Researcher, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic NonCommunicable Diseases</p><p>Petroverigsky per. 10, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капустина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapustina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Капустина Анна Владимировна - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, отдел эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>101000, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Kapustina – MD, Senior Researcher, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases</p><p>Petroverigsky per. 10, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муромцева</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muromtseva</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Муромцева Галина Аркадьевна - кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, отдел эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>101000, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina A. Muromtseva – PhD (Biology), Leading Researcher, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases</p><p>Petroverigsky per. 10, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тарасов Владимир Ильич - кандидат физико-математических наук, научный сотрудник, отдел эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>101000, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir I. Tarasov – PhD (Physics and Mathematics), Researcher, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases</p><p>Petroverigsky per. 10, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Викторова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Viktorova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Викторова Инна Анатольевна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая  кафедрой внутренних болезней и поликлинической терапии</p><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inna A. Viktorova – MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Chair of Internal Medicine and Outpatient Therapy</p><p>Lenina ul. 12, Omsk, 644099</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Редько</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Redko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Редько Андрей Николаевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий  кафедрой общественного здоровья, здравоохранения и истории медицины</p><p>350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey N. Redko – MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Chair of Public Health, Health and Medical History</p><p>Mitrofana Sedina ul. 4, Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прищепа</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prishchepa</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прищепа Наталья Николаевна - заведующая центром медицинской профилактики Республики Карелия</p><p>185000, Петрозаводск, ул. Кирова, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia N. Prishchepa – MD, Head of Center for Medical Prevention of the Republic of Karelia</p><p>Kirov ul. 3, Petrozavodsk, 185000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якушин</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakushin</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Якушин Сергей Степанович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии с курсом медико-социальной экспертизы</p><p>390026, Рязань, Высоковольтная ул., 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey S. Yakushin – MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Chair of Hospital Therapy</p><p>Visokovoltnaya ul. 9, Ryazan, 390026</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Драпкина Оксана Михайловна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, директор</p><p>101000, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oxana M. Drapkina – MD, PhD, Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director</p><p>Petroverigsky per. 10, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Омский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Omsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кубанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр медицинской профилактики Республики Карелия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Medical Prevention of the Republic of Karelia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>240</fpage><lpage>249</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Shalnova S.A., Maksimov S.A., Balanova Y.A., Evstifeeva S.E., Imaeva A.E., Kapustina A.V., Muromtseva G.A., Tarasov V.I., Viktorova I.A., Redko A.N., Prishchepa N.N., Yakushin S.S., Drapkina O.M., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шальнова С.А., Максимов С.А., Баланова Ю.А., Евстифеева С.Е., Имаева А.Э., Капустина А.В., Муромцева Г.А., Тарасов В.И., Викторова И.А., Редько А.Н., Прищепа Н.Н., Якушин С.С., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shalnova S.A., Maksimov S.A., Balanova Y.A., Evstifeeva S.E., Imaeva A.E., Kapustina A.V., Muromtseva G.A., Tarasov V.I., Viktorova I.A., Redko A.N., Prishchepa N.N., Yakushin S.S., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2164">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2164</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the influence of social determinants on the frequency of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) categories of various levels, as well as associations with a number of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cardiovascular risk factors among the population of four Russian regions included in the ESSE-RF-2.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study was performed as part of a multicenter epidemiological study “Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases in the regions of the Russian Federation. The second study (ESSE-RF-2)”. In total, 6681 people 25-64 years old from 4 regions of Russian Federation were included in the analysis. The CKD-EPI formula was used to calculate GFR by blood creatinine level. Groups with normal GFR (≥90 ml/min/1.73 m²), with an initial decrease in GFR (&lt;90 ml/min/1.73 m²), and with a decrease in GFR (&lt;60 ml/min/1.73 m²) were distinguished for statistical analysis. Generalized linear/nonlinear analysis (GLM) was used for multivariate assessment and adjustment of results to socio-demographic characteristics.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The average GFR level in the total sample was 97.8±16.6 ml/min/1.73 m2 ; 29.0% of individuals had an initial decrease in GFR, 1.6% had a reduced GFR. Age was significantly associated with GFR. A statistically significant association with an initial decrease in GFR was found for: hypercholesterolemia (odds ratio [OR] 1.22; 95% clearance interval [95%CI] 1.14-1.30), hypertriglyceridemia (OR 1.09; 95%CI 1.02-1.17), hyperuricemia (OR 1.51; 95%CI 1.39-1.63), no smoking (OR 0.79; 95%CI 0.73-0.85), history of kidney disease (OR 1.13; 95%CI 1.04-1.22). A more pronounced decrease in GFR was associated with the following factors and diseases: arterial hypertension (OR 1.48; 95%CI 1.07-2.05), low level of high-density lipoproteins (OR 1.36; 95%CI 1.04-1.79), hypertriglyceridemia (OR 1.37; 95%CI 1.08-1.76), hyperuricemia (OR 2.49; 95%CI 1.97-3.16), hyperglycemia (OR 1.35; 95%CI 1.01-1.80), a history of myocardial infarction (OR 1.63; 95%CI 1.13-2.36) and kidney disease (OR 1.50; 95%CI 1.16-1.93).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results of the study indicate a greater number of factors and diseases associated with low GFR compared with the initial decrease, which emphasizes the need for early detection of signs of chronic kidney disease, especially in the elderly, in people with metabolic syndrome, hypertension or diabetes mellitus, as well as a history of kidney disease.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучение влияния социальных детерминант на частоту категорий скорости клубочковой фильтрации (СКФ) различного уровня, а также ассоциаций с рядом сердечнососудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) и кардиоваскулярных факторов риска среди населения четырех регионов Российской Федерации (РФ), включенных в ЭССЕ-РФ-2.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Работа выполнена в рамках многоцентрового эпидемиологического исследования «Эпидемиология сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в регионах Российской Федерации. Второе исследование (ЭССЕ-РФ-2)». Всего в анализ включено 6681 человек 25- 64 лет из 4-х регионов РФ. Для расчета СКФ по уровню креатинина в крови использовали формулу CKD-EPI. Для статистического анализа, выделяли группу с нормальной СКФ (равно или более 90 мл/мин/1,73 м²), с начальным снижением СКФ (менее 90 мл/мин/1,73 м²), и со снижением СКФ (менее 60 мл/мин/1,73 м²). Для многофакторной оценки и корректировки результатов на социально-демографические характеристики применялся обобщенный линейный/нелинейный анализ (GLM).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Средний уровень СКФ во всей выборке составил 97,8±16,6 мл/мин/1,73 м2 ; 29,0% характеризуются начальным снижением СКФ, 1,6% – сниженным СКФ. Наиболее значимо с уровнем СКФ ассоциируется возраст. По результатам многофакторного анализа статистически значимо ассоциируются с начальным снижением СКФ: гиперхолестеринемия (отношение шансов [ОШ] 1,22; 95% доверительный интервал [95%ДИ] 1,14-1,30), гипертриглицеридемия (ОШ 1,09; 95%ДИ 1,02-1,17), гиперурикемия (ОШ 1,51; 95%ДИ 1,39- 1,63), отсутствие курения (ОШ 0,79; 95%ДИ 0,73-0,85), заболевания почек в анамнезе (ОШ 1,13; 95%ДИ 1,04-1,22). С более выраженным снижением СКФ ассоциируются артериальная гипертензия (ОШ 1,48; 95%ДИ 1,07-2,05), низкий уровень липопротеидов высокой плотности (ОШ 1,36; 95%ДИ 1,04-1,79), гипертриглицеридемия (ОШ 1,37; 95%ДИ 1,08-1,76), гиперурикемия (ОШ 2,49; 95%ДИ 1,97-3,16), гипергликемия (ОШ 1,35; 95%ДИ 1,01-1,80), инфаркт миокарда (ОШ 1,63; 95%ДИ 1,13-2,36) и заболевания почек в анамнезе (ОШ 1,50; 95%ДИ 1,16-1,93).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о большем количестве факторов и заболеваний, ассоциированных с низкой СКФ по сравнению с начальным снижением, что подчеркивает необходимость раннего выявления признаков хронической болезни почек, особенно у пожилых людей, у лиц с метаболическим синдромом, гипертонией или сахарным диабетом, а также заболеваниями почек в анамнезе.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>скорость клубочковой фильтрации</kwd><kwd>заболевания почек</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>эпидемиологические исследования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>glomerular filtration rate</kwd><kwd>kidney disease</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular diseases</kwd><kwd>epidemiological studies</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National Kidney Foundation. 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