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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2020-08-09</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-2262</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POINT OF VIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТОЧКА ЗРЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The Controversy Continues Again: which Direct Anticoagulant is More Effective and Safe when Administered to Patients with Atrial Fibrillation?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>И вновь продолжается спор: какой прямой антикоагулянт более эффективен и безопасен при назначении больным с фибрилляцией предсердий</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марцевич</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martsevich</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марцевич Сергей Юрьевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела профилактической фармакотерапии</p><p>101990, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey Yu. Martsevich – MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Department of Preventive Pharmacotherapy</p><p>Petroverigsky per. 10, Moscow, 101990 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergeymartsevich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский научно-исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>635</fpage><lpage>637</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Martsevich S.Y., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Марцевич С.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Martsevich S.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2262">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2262</self-uri><abstract><p>The data from the observational study of M. Fralick et al. were analyzed in the article. The authors analyzed a large database of patients with atrial fibrillation and concluded that rivaroxaban is inferior to apixaban in its ability to prevent ischemic stroke and systemic embolism and is more likely to cause bleeding. Serious methodological defects of the analysis take place. No statistical methods are capable of correcting the absence of such important information in the database as the doctor's motives for prescribing a particular drug, as well as the patient's adherence to taking it. It is also noted that the patients included in the study, according to clinical characteristics, did not correspond to the typical population of patients with atrial fibrillation. The author considers the conclusions made in the mentioned work to be unauthorized.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье рассматриваются данные наблюдательного исследования M. Fralick и соавт., которые, проанализировав крупную базу данных больных с фибрилляцией предсердий, пришли к выводу, что ривароксабан уступает апиксабану в способности предупреждать ишемический инсульт, системную эмболию и чаще вызывает кровотечения. Отмечаются серьезные методические дефекты анализа. Указывается, что никакие статистические методы не способны скорректировать отсутствие в базе данных таких важнейших сведений, как мотивы врача к назначению того или иного препарата, а также приверженность больного к его приему. Отмечается также, что больные, включенные в исследование, по клиническим характеристикам не соответствовали типичной популяции больных с фибрилляцией предсердий. Делается заключение о неправомочности сделанных в работе выводов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фибрилляция предсердий</kwd><kwd>прямые оральные антикоагулянты</kwd><kwd>рандомизированные контролируемые и наблюдательные исследования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atrial fibrillation</kwd><kwd>direct oral anticoagulants</kwd><kwd>randomized controlled and observational studies</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Марцевич С.Ю., Кутишенко Н.П. Рандомизированные клинические исследования и наблюдательные исследования: соотношение в иерархии доказательств эффективности лекарств. Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии. 2016;12(5):567-73. DOI:10.20996/1819-6446-2016-12-5-567-573.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martsevich S.Yu., Kutishenko N.P. 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