rpcardioRational Pharmacotherapy in CardiologyРациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии1819-64462225-3653«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC10.20996/1819-6446-2020-12-12rpcardio-2356Research ArticlePREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTHПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ КАРДИОЛОГИЯ И ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕHealthy Diet: New Rations for Individual UseЗдоровое питание: новые рационы для индивидуального использованияШвабскаяО. Б.ShvabskaiaO. B.

Швабская Ольга Борисовна - научный сотрудник, лаборатория эпидемиологии питания, НМИЦ ТПМ.101990, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10.

Olga B. Shvabskaia - Researcher, Laboratory of Nutritional Epidemiology, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine.Petroverigsky per. 10, Moscow, 101990.

oshvabskaya@gnicpm.ruКарамноваН. С.KaramnovaN. S.

Карамнова Наталья Станиславовна - кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель лаборатории эпидемиологии питания, НМИЦ ТПМ.101990, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10.

Natalia S. Karamnova - MD, PhD, Head of Laboratory of Nutritional Epidemiology, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine.Petroverigsky per. 10, Moscow, 101990.

ИзмайловаО. В.IzmailovaO. V.

Измайлова Ольга Викторовна - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, отдел первичной профилактики хронических неинфекционных заболеваний в системе здравоохранения, НМИЦ ТПМ.101990, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10.

Olga V. Izmailova - MD, PhD, Senior Researcher, Department of Primary Prevention of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine.Petroverigsky per. 10, Moscow, 101990.

Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медициныРоссияNational Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive MedicineRussian Federation202029122020166958965Copyright © Shvabskaia O.B., Karamnova N.S., Izmailova O.V., 20202020Швабская О.Б., Карамнова Н.С., Измайлова О.В.Shvabskaia O.B., Karamnova N.S., Izmailova O.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2356

Nutrition is one of the most significant factors influencing the state of health, the development of diseases and the generally the human longevity. The nature of nutrition, which has a protective effect, is the basis of the healthy diet. Among healthy nutritious rations, there are those that have developed naturally, formed from the cultural food heritage and later were made in scientific nutritional recommendations. These are such diets as the Mediterranean type of food, the Scandinavian diet, the Tibetan style of food, etc. At the same time, there are diets specially developed by specialists for specific purposes. All of them correspond to the basic principles of the healthy diet: balance, usefulness and energy balance. This article offers an overview of the use of individual diets that have been developed by nutritionists, such as the intermittent fasting diet, the Paleo diet, and the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet. The article discusses the differences and advantages of these dietary approaches, presents the results of effectiveness, considers the limitations and features of their use.

Питание - один из самых значимых факторов, оказывающих влияние на состояние здоровья, развитие заболеваний и продолжительность жизни человека в целом. Характер питания, обладающий протективным действием, положен в основу рациона здорового питания. Среди рационов здорового питания имеются такие, которые сложились естественным образом, сформировались из культурного пищевого наследия и позже были оформлены в научные диетологические рекомендации. Это такие рационы, как средиземноморский тип питания, скандинавская диета, тибетский стиль питания и др. Одновременно существуют и рационы, специально разработанные специалистами под конкретные цели. Все они соответствуют основным принципам рациона здорового питания: сбалансированности, полноценности и энергетическому равновесию. В данной статье представлен обзор использования индивидуальных рационов, которые были разработаны специалистами в области нутрициологии, такие как рацион «прерывистого голодания», палео-диета и рацион DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension). В статье обсуждаются отличия и преимущества данных диетологических подходов, представлены результаты эффективности, рассмотрены ограничения и особенности их использования.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.