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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2020-12-09</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-2360</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POINT OF VIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТОЧКА ЗРЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Thrombotic Lesion of the Pulmonary Vessels in Patients with Pulmonary Embolism</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Тромботическое поражение легочного сосудистого русла у больных, перенесших тромбоэмболию легочной артерии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клименко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клименко Алеся Александровна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры факультетской терапии им. акад. А.И. Нестерова, РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова.117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alesya A. Klimenko - MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Faculty Therapy n.a. Academician A.I. Nesterov, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.Ostrovityanova ul. 1, Moscow, 117997.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Демидова Наталья Александровна - кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры факультетской терапии им. акад. А.И. Нестерова, РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова.117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya A. Demidova - MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Chair of Faculty Therapy n.a. Academician A.I. Nesterov, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.Ostrovityanova ul. 1, Moscow, 117997.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ndemidova03@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шостак</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shostak</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шостак Надежда Александровна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой факультетской терапии им. акад. А.И. Нестерова, РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова.117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda A. Shostak - MD, PhD, Professor, Head ofChair of Faculty Therapy n.a. Academician A.I. Nesterov, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.Ostrovityanova ul. 1, Moscow, 117997.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анищенко</surname><given-names>М. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anischenko</surname><given-names>M. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анищенко Максим Олегович - студент, лечебный факультет, РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова.117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim O. Anischenko - Student, Chair of Faculty Therapy n.a. Academician A.I. Nesterov, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.Ostrovityanova ul. 1, Moscow, 117997.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>1002</fpage><lpage>1008</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Klimenko A.A., Demidova N.A., Shostak N.A., Anischenko M.O., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Клименко А.А., Демидова Н.А., Шостак Н.А., Анищенко М.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Klimenko A.A., Demidova N.A., Shostak N.A., Anischenko M.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2360">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2360</self-uri><abstract><p>After suffering pulmonary embolism (PE), doctors are confronted with various consequences of the disease, from asymptomatic residual pulmonary thrombosis to the formation of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). There is also a subgroup of patients who have undergone pulmonary embolism, who experience shortness of breath during physical exertion, absent before pulmonary embolism, or shortened dyspnea preceding PE, combined with residual thrombosis of pulmonary artery (PA) and normal average pressure in PA at rest during catheterization of the right heart (CRH). This condition is defined as chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease or post thromboembolic syndrome. Pathogenetic aspects of this condition are not fully investigated. It is important to predict the development of postembolic syndrome and to develop algorithms for the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with symptoms and residual pulmonary thrombosis. In case of the development of pulmonary vasculopathy in some patients who have undergone pulmonary embolism, a severe life-threatening condition forms - CTEPH, characterized by an increase in pressure in the pulmonary artery, right heart failure due to the presence of organized blood clots that have entered the pulmonary vascular bed during PE. The volume of thrombotic masses does not always correlate with clinical symptoms, which indicates the importance of microvascular remodeling. If CTEPH is suspected, a diagnostic algorithm is required, including ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy, CT angiopulmonography and catheterization of the right heart. Treating a patient with CTEPH is a difficult task fora doctor. The timely referral of the patient to the center where they are involved in treatment, including surgery and CTEPH is extremely important. Timely performed thrombendarterectomy in some cases allows to completely cure the patient. In the case of inoperable CTEPH or residual pulmonary hypertension after thrombendarterectomy, balloon angioplasty of the PA is used as well as drug treatment with specific drugs that reduce the pressure in the PA (riociguat), endothelin receptor antagonists (bosentan, macitentan), prostanoids (inhalant illoprost) phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor and combined therapy. In this article we considered some consequences directly related to PE: asymptomatic residual pulmonary thrombosis, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>После перенесенной тромбоэмболии легочной артерии (ТЭЛА) врачи сталкиваются с различными последствиями этого заболевания - от бессимптомного остаточного тромбоза легочной артерии (ЛА) до формирования хронической тромбоэмболической легочной гипертензии (ХТЭЛГ). Также существует подгруппа больных, перенесших ТЭЛА, у которых сохраняется одышка при физической нагрузке, отсутствующая до ТЭЛА, или усиливается предшествующая легочной эмболии одышка, в сочетании с остаточным тромбозом ЛА и нормальным среднем давлении в ЛА в покое при катетеризации правых отделов сердца (КПОС). Данное состояние определяется как хроническая тромбоэмболическая болезнь легких или посттромбоэмболический синдром. Патогенетические аспекты этого состояния до конца не исследованы. Важным является прогнозирование развития постэмболического синдрома, разработка алгоритмов диагностики, лечения и реабилитации больных, имеющих симптомы и остаточный тромбоз ЛА. В случае развития легочной васкулопатии у части больных, перенесших ТЭЛА, формируется тяжелое жизнеугрожающее состояние - ХТЭЛГ, характеризующаяся повышением давления в ЛА, правожелудочковой сердечной недостаточностью на фоне наличия организованных тромбов, попавших в легочное сосудистое русло при ТЭЛА. Объем тромботических масс не всегда коррелирует с клиническими симптомами, что свидетельствует о высокой роли микрососудистого ремоделирования. При подозрении на ХТЭЛГ требуется соблюдение диагностического алгоритма, включающего проведение вентиляционно-перфузионной сцинтиграфии, КТ-ангиопульмонографии, КПОС. Лечение пациента с ХТЭЛГ является сложной задачей для врача, и ключевое значение имеет своевременное направление пациента в центр, где занимаются таким лечением, в том числе, хирургическим, т.к. своевременно выполненная тромбэндартерэктомия позволяет в некоторых случаях полностью излечить больного. В случае неоперабельной ХТЭЛГ или резидуальной легочной гипертензии после тромбэндартерэктомии применяется баллонная ангиопластика ЛА, а также медикаментозное лечение специфическими лекарственными средствами, снижающими давление в ЛА (риоцигуат), антагонисты рецепторов эндотелина (бозентан, мацитентан), простаноиды (ингаляционный илопрост), ингибиторы фосфодиэстеразы-5, а также комбинированная терапия. В данной статье рассмотрены некоторые последствия, непосредственно связанные с легочной эмболией: бессимптомный остаточный тромбоз легочных артерий, хроническая тромбоэмболическая болезнь легких, хроническая тромбоэмболическая легочная гипертензия.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тромбоэмболия легочной артерии</kwd><kwd>легочная эмболия</kwd><kwd>хроническая тромбоэмболическая легочная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>посттромбоэмболический синдром</kwd><kwd>хроническая тромбоэмболическая болезнь легких</kwd><kwd>остаточный тромбоз легочных артерий</kwd><kwd>кардиореспи-раторный тест</kwd><kwd>реабилитация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute pulmonary embolism</kwd><kwd>pulmonary embolism</kwd><kwd>chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension</kwd><kwd>post-thromboembolic syndrome</kwd><kwd>chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease</kwd><kwd>residual pulmonary thrombosis</kwd><kwd>cardiorespiratory test</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barco S., Mahmoudpour S.H., Valerio L. et al. 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