rpcardioRational Pharmacotherapy in CardiologyРациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии1819-64462225-3653«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC10.20996/1819-6446-2021-02-01rpcardio-2392Research ArticlePREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTHПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ КАРДИОЛОГИЯ И ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕBasic Aspects of Seasonal Cardiovascular MortalityОсновные аспекты сезонной сердечно-сосудистой смертностиhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6104-0135АндрееваГ. Ф.AndreevaG. F.

Андреева Галия Фатиховна

Москва

eLibrary SPIN: 5401-4631

Galiya F. Andreeva

Moscow

eLibrary SPIN: 5401-4631

gandreeva@gnicpm.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5195-8997ГорбуновВ. М.GorbunovV. M.

Горбунов Владимир Михайлович

Москва

eLibrary SPIN: 5111-1303

Vladimir M. Gorbunov

Moscow

eLibrary SPIN: 5111-1303

Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медициныРоссияNational Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive MedicineRussian Federation2021020320211719298Copyright © Andreeva G.F., Gorbunov V.M., 20212021Андреева Г.Ф., Горбунов В.М.Andreeva G.F., Gorbunov V.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2392

The review demonstrates the main aspects of seasonal cardiovascular mortality. Climatic factors, including seasonal weather changes, have a significant impact on the biosphere. People are also characterized by the seasonal dynamics of the activity of many organs and systems, biochemical parameters, and mortality. Cardiovascular mortality is also characterized by seasonal fluctuations: in winter it is maximum, in summer it is minimal. The same patterns are characteristic of mortality from cardiovascular diseases (myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiac arrhythmias, etc.). The article presents the basic patterns of seasonal cardiovascular mortality in various climatic zones, the cardiovascular mortality of countries located in the equatorial and subequatorial climatic region. In addition, the mortality displacement phenomenon, the paradox of winter mortality. The main trends in changes in cardiovascular mortality over a long period of time are demonstrated. The paper discusses some of the mechanisms that underlie the dynamics of cardiovascular mortality during the year: seasonal fluctuations in the level of vitamin D, lipids in the blood plasma, changes in hemodynamic parameters, the effects of microbial and viral infections in the cold season, etc. In addition, data on seasonal the dynamics of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is considered: an increase in body weight, a physical activity decrease, a change in the nutrition structure in the winter, the seasonal dynamics of depression, anxiety, hostility, the relationship of seasonal cardiovascular mortality with socio-economic, demographic and other factors. In conclusion, the main ways of development and prevention of seasonal CV cardiovascular mortality M, taking into account modern technologies at the international level, for state health departments, for specific patients, are demonstrated.

В обзоре рассмотрены основные аспекты сезонной сердечно-сосудистой смертности. Климатические факторы, в том числе, и сезонные изменения погоды оказывают значительное воздействие на биосферу, для человека тоже характерна сезонная динамика деятельности многих органов и систем, биохимических показателей, смертности. Сердечно-сосудистая смертность также характеризуется сезонными колебаниями: зимой она максимальна, летом – минимальна. Такие же закономерности характерны и для смертности от определенных сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (инфаркта миокарда, инсульта, нарушений ритма сердца и др.). В статье представлены основные закономерности сезонной сердечно-сосудистой смертности в различных климатических зонах, особенности сердечно-сосудистой смертности в странах, находящихся в экваториальном и субэкваториальном климатическом регионе. Кроме того, освещен феномен смещения смертности, парадокс зимней смертности, продемонстрированы основные тенденции изменения сердечно-сосудистой смертности на протяжении длительного временного промежутка. В работе рассмотрены некоторые механизмы, которые лежат в основе динамики сердечно-сосудистой смертности в течение года: сезонные колебания уровня витамина D, липидов в плазме крови, изменения гемодинамических показателей, воздействие микробных и вирусных инфекций в холодное время года и др. Кроме того, приведены данные о сезонной динамике факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний: увеличении массы тела, снижении физических нагрузок, изменение структуры питания в зимний период. Представлены результаты исследований, изучавших динамику депрессии, тревожности, враждебность в течение различных сезонов, рассмотрена взаимосвязь сезонной сердечно-сосудистой смертности с социально-экономическими, демографическими и др. факторами. В заключении продемонстрированы основные пути развития и профилактики сезонной сердечно-сосудистой смертности с учетом современных технологий на международном уровне, для департаментов здравоохранения государств, для конкретных пациентов.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.