rpcardioRational Pharmacotherapy in CardiologyРациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии1819-64462225-3653«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC10.20996/1819-6446-2021-02-05rpcardio-2395Research ArticlePOINT OF VIEWТОЧКА ЗРЕНИЯBicuspid Aortic Valve: Morphology, Clinic, Diagnosis, ComplicationsДвустворчатый аортальный клапан: морфология, клиника, диагностика, осложненияhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4168-7219ТрисветоваЕ. Л.TrysvetavaY. L.

Трисветова Евгения Леонидовна

Минск

eLibrary SPIN: 9443-2354

Yauheniya L. Trysvetava

Minsk

eLibrary SPIN: 9443-2354

trisvet-47@mail.ruБелорусский государственный медицинский университетБеларусьBelarusian State Medical UniversityBelarus202102032021171111118Copyright © Trysvetava Y.L., 20212021Трисветова Е.Л.Trysvetava Y.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2395

Bicuspid aortic valve refers to common (0.5-2% of the population) congenital heart defects that are asymptomatic throughout life, with valve dysfunction and/or aortopathy (pathia- from Greek pathos disease), manifested by expansion, aneurysm or dissection of the vessel. The pathogenesis of the formation of a bicuspid valve is unknown, a genetic component is noted, since the defect develops as sporadic, familial, in combination with other congenital heart defects and with hereditary connective tissue disorders. Morphogenetic studies suggest that different phenotypes of bicuspid aortic valve can be considered as etiologically different diseases, with valve dysfunction or valve dysfunction and aortopathy. Aortic lesion is characterized by phenotypic heterogeneity due to genetic or hemodynamic features. Researchers are discussing the relationship between the phenotype of the bicuspid aortic valve and aortopathy to predict the course of the disease and select the optimal surgical treatment technique. Diagnosis of heart disease is based on the results of an echocardiographic study, magnetic resonance imaging. Surgical treatment is performed for significant hemodynamic disturbances resulting from insufficiency or stenosis of the aortic valve, in cases of infective endocarditis, the risk of which is high, with aneurysm or aortic dissection.

Двустворчатый аортальный клапан относится к распространенным (0,5-2% населения) врожденным порокам сердца, протекающим в течение жизни бессимптомно, с дисфункцией клапана и/или с аортопатией (патия - от греч. pathos, болезнь), проявляющейся расширением, аневризмой или диссекцией сосуда. Патогенез образования двустворчатого клапана неизвестен, отмечают генетический компонент, поскольку порок развивается как спорадический, семейный, в сочетании с другими врожденными пороками сердца и при наследственных нарушениях соединительной ткани. Морфогенетические исследования свидетельствуют, что разные фенотипы двустворчатого аортального клапана могут рассматриваться как этиологически неодинаковые заболевания, с дисфункцией клапана или дисфункцией клапана и аортопатией. Поражение аорты отличается фенотипической гетерогенностью, обусловленной генетическими или гемодинамическими особенностями. Исследователи обсуждают связь между фенотипом двустворчатого аортального клапана и аортопатией для прогнозирования течения заболевания и выбора оптимальной методики оперативного лечения. Диагностика порока сердца основывается на результатах эхокардиографического исследования, магнитно-резонансной томографии. Оперативное лечение выполняют при значительных гемодинамических нарушениях, формирующихся в результате недостаточности или стеноза аортального клапана, в случаях инфекционного эндокардита, риск которого высок, а также при аневризме или диссекции аорты.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.