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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2021-08-04</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-2532</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>E-cigarette Smoking (Vaping) and Markers of Vascular Wall Damage in Young Subjects without Cardiovascular Disease</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Курение электронных сигарет (вейпинг) и маркеры поражения сосудистой стенки у лиц молодого возраста без сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-5609</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подзолков</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podzolkov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Подзолков Валерий Иванович</p><p>eLibrary  SPIN  8683-2155</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>[Valery I. Podzolkov</p><p>eLibrary  SPIN  8683-2155</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-1610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брагина</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bragina</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Брагина Анна Евгеньевна </p><p>eLibrary SPIN SPIN 3753-5539</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna E. Bragina</p><p>eLibrary SPIN SPIN 3753-5539</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna.bragina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8397-0210</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дружинина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Druzhinina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дружинина Наталья Александровна</p><p>eLibrary   SPIN   6842-0447</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Druzhinina</p><p>eLibrary   SPIN   6842-0447</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9586-1468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мохаммади</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mohammadi</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мохаммади Лейла</p><p>Сан Франциско, Калифорния</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leila Mohammadi</p><p>San Francisco, California</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Калифорнии</institution><country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of California</institution><country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>521</fpage><lpage>527</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Podzolkov V.I., Bragina A.E., Druzhinina N.A., Mohammadi L.N., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Подзолков В.И., Брагина А.Е., Дружинина Н.А., Мохаммади Л.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Podzolkov V.I., Bragina A.E., Druzhinina N.A., Mohammadi L.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2532">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2532</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to investigate the effect of nicotine-containing vapes in comparison with traditional tobacco smoking on markers of vascular wall damage: high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), albuminuria (AU), and ankle-brachial index (ABI).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods: We examined 369 young subjects without cardiovascular diseases (age median 21 [20;21] years) (159 men and 210 women). The hsCRP levels in the serum were assessed by immunochromatographic express method. AU was investigated in daily urine by a quantitative reflex photometry. ABI was determined by plethysmography.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: All subjects were divided into groups: non-smokers (n=196, 53.1%), smokers of traditional cigarettes (n=83, 22.5%) and smokers of nicotine-containing vapes (n=90, 24.4%). The groups did not differ in main anthropometric data. Median hsCRP levels in smokers (14.30 [11; 16.5] mg/l in tobacco-smokers and 13.15 [9.65; 17.5] mg/l in vapers) were significantly higher vs nonsmokers (3.0 [2; 5.6] mg/l). In tobacco-smokers (33.0  [21.5;  60]  mg)  and  vape  smokers  (45.0  [20;  115]  mg),  the  median  AU  was  statistically  significantly  higher  than  in  non-smokers  (12.0 [10; 20] mg). ABI levels were significantly lower in the groups of tobacco smokers (0.98 [0.91; 0.99]) and vapers (0.85 [0.79; 0.93]) when compared with nonsmokers (1.125 [1.01; 1.18]), and the median ABI in vapers was lower than in tobacco smokers (p&lt;0.001). In the group of tobacco smokers, the hsCRP level correlated with the smoker's index (rs=0.31, p&lt;0.05), and AU (rs=0.54, p&lt;0.05) and ABI (rs=-0.28, p&lt;0.05) with a daily inhaled nicotine dose. In the group of vapers, CRP was associated with smoking experience (rs=0.338, p&lt;0.05), AU with a daily inhaled nicotine dose (rs=0.79,  p&lt;0.05), and  ABI with  BMI (rs=-0.33,  p&lt;0.05), heart  rate (rs=-0.24,  p&lt;0.05) and  smoking experience  (rs=-0.235, p&lt;0.05). According to the results of multivariate regression analysis the hsCRP level was related with only the smoking experience (B=0.91±0.19, p=0.000005), AU level with the daily inhaled nicotine dose (B=1.59±0.7, p=0.0121) and smoking experience (B=3.07±1.23, p=0.0179), and ABI level with only smoking experience (B=-0.09±0.004, p=0.0419).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: In smokers, both traditional and vapers, the levels of hsCRP, AU are significantly higher, and the ABI is lower than in healthy young nonsmokers. The most significant influence on the level of hsCRP is exerted by the experience of  tobacco  and  vape  smoking;  to  the  AU  level  – the experience of tobacco and vaping and the daily inhaled nicotine dose, and by the value of the ABI – the experience of vaping.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить влияние никотинсодержащих вейпов в сравнении с традиционным табакокурением на маркеры поражения сосудистой стенки: высокочувствительный С-реактивный белок (вчСРБ), альбуминурию (АУ) и лодыжечно-плечевой индекс (ЛПИ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Обследовано 369 молодых людей без сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в возрасте 21 [20;21] года (159 мужчин и 210 женщин). Оценка уровня вчСРБ в сыворотке крови проводилась иммунохроматографическим экспресс-методом. АУ исследовалась в суточной моче количественной рефлексионной фотометрией. ЛПИ определялся методом плетизмографии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Все участники исследования, были разделены на группы: некурящие (n=196, 53,1%), курящих традиционные сигареты (n=83, 22,5%) и курящих никотинсодержащие вейпы (n=90, 24,4%). Группы статистически значимо не различались по основным антропометрическим данным. Медиана вчСРБ в группах курильщиков (у табакокурящих 14,30 [11;16,5] мг/л, у вейп-курящих 13,15 [9,65;17,5] мг/л) была статистически значимо выше по сравнению с некурящими (3,0 [2;5,6] мг/л). В группах табакокурящих (33,0 [21,5;60] мг) и вейп-курящих (45,0 [20;115] мг) медианы АУ были статистически значимо выше, чем у некурящих (12,0 [10;20] мг). Уровни ЛПИ были статистически значимо ниже в группах табакокурящих (0,98 [0,91;0,99]) и вейп-курящих (0,85 [0,79;0,93]) при сравнении с некурящими (1,125 [1,01;1,18]), причем, медианы ЛПИ у вейп-курящих были ниже, чем у табакокурящих (р&lt;0,001). В группе табакокурящих уровень вчСРБ был взаимосвязан с индексом курильщика (rs 0,31, р&lt;0,05), АУ (rs 0,54, р&lt;0,05) и ЛПИ (rs -0,28, р&lt;0,05) с дозой ингалируемого никотина в сутки. В группе вейп-курящих вчСРБ был взаимосвязан с стажем курения (rs 0,338, р&lt;0,05), АУ – с дозой ингалируемого никотина (rs 0,79, р&lt;0,05), а ЛПИ – с индексом массы тела (rs -0,33, р&lt;0,05), ЧСС (rs -0,24, р&lt;0,05) и стажем курения (rs -0,235, р&lt;0,05). По результатам многофакторного регрессионного анализа на уровень вчСРБ влиял только стаж курения (В=0,91±0,19, p=0,000005), на концентрацию АУ  среднесуточная доза ингалируемого никотина (В=1,59±0,7, p=0,0121) и стаж курения (В=3,07±1,23, p=0,0179), а на величину ЛПИ – только стаж курения (В=-0,09±0,004, p=0,0419).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У курильщиков как традиционных сигарет, так и вейпов уровни вчСРБ, АУ были статистически значимо выше, а ЛПИ ниже,</p><p>чем у некурящих здоровых молодых людей. Наиболее значимое влияние на уровень вчСРБ оказали стаж табакои вейп-курения; на уровень АУ – стаж табако- и вейп-курения и среднесуточная концентрация ингалируемого никотина, а на величину ЛПИ – стаж вейп-курения.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вейп</kwd><kwd>табакокурение</kwd><kwd>высокочувствительный С-реактивный белок</kwd><kwd>альбуминурия</kwd><kwd>лодыжечно-плечевой индекс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vaping</kwd><kwd>tobacco smoking</kwd><kwd>high sensitivity C-reactive protein</kwd><kwd>albuminuria</kwd><kwd>ankle-brachial index</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при поддержке Сеченовского Университета.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed with the support of the Sechenov University.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miech R, Johnston L, O'Malley PM, et al. 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