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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2022-04-03</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-2705</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Sequelae of COVID-19 at long-term follow-up after hospitalization</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Последствия COVID-19 на отдаленном  этапе после госпитализации</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4165-804X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Погосова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pogosova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Погосова Нана Вачиковна</p><p>eLibrary SPIN 4168-6400</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nana V. Pogosova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9481-9639</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Палеев</surname><given-names>Ф. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Paleev</surname><given-names>F. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Палеев Филипп Николаевич</p><p>eLibrary SPIN 1706-0597</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Filipp N. Paleev</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-7484</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аушева</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ausheva</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аушева Аза Камбулатовна</p><p>eLibrary SPIN 9474-5475</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aza K. Ausheva</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3492-5373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучиев</surname><given-names>Д. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuchiev</surname><given-names>D. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кучиев Давид Таймуразович</p><p>eLibrary SPIN 4778-2847</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>David T. Kuchiev</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.kuchiev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-3911</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаман</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaman</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаман Светлана Анатольевна</p><p>eLibrary SPIN 6227-0788</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Gaman</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8319-3714</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Веселова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Veselova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Веселова Татьяна Николаевна</p><p>eLibrary SPIN 7462-3862</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana N. Veselova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4377-5722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белькинд</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belkind</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белькинд Михаил Борисович </p><p>eLibrary SPIN 6611-1000</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail B. Belkind</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9756-8684</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколова Ольга Юрьевна </p><p>eLibrary SPIN 3939-8553</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Yu. Sokolova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7211-1971</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жетишева</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhetisheva</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жетишева Радима Анатольевна</p><p>eLibrary SPIN 6517-3024</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Radima A. Zhetisheva</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4374-1063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терновой</surname><given-names>С. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ternovoy</surname><given-names>S. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Терновой Сергей Константинович </p><p>eLibrary SPIN 8805-2041</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey K. Ternovoy</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6998-8406</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойцов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boytsov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бойцов Сергей Анатольевич </p><p>eLibrary SPIN 7961-5520</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Boytsov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии имени Академика Е.И. Чазова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Cardiology named after Academician E.I.Chazov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>118</fpage><lpage>126</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Pogosova N.V., Paleev F.N., Ausheva A.K., Kuchiev D.T., Gaman S.A., Veselova T.N., Belkind M.B., Sokolova O.Y., Zhetisheva R.A., Ternovoy S.K., Boytsov S.A., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Погосова Н.В., Палеев Ф.Н., Аушева А.К., Кучиев Д.Т., Гаман С.А., Веселова Т.Н., Белькинд М.Б., Соколова О.Ю., Жетишева Р.А., Терновой С.К., Бойцов С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pogosova N.V., Paleev F.N., Ausheva A.K., Kuchiev D.T., Gaman S.A., Veselova T.N., Belkind M.B., Sokolova O.Y., Zhetisheva R.A., Ternovoy S.K., Boytsov S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2705">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2705</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess long-term sequelae of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients at 3 to 7 months after discharge.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. The whole of 700 patients hospitalized to the temporary COVID-19 treatment center hosted by the FSBI “National Medical Research Center of Cardiology” of the Ministry of Health of Russia from April to June 2020 were invited to participate in a follow-up study. At 3-7 months after the index hospitalization, patients or their proxies were contacted via telephone in order to obtain information on their vital status, cardiovascular and other conditions or their complications, and new hospitalizations. In addition, patients were invited to an outpatient visit under the "COVID-19-follow-up" program, encompassing physical examination and a comprehensive battery of laboratory and instrumental tests, including spirometry, chest computed tomography (CT) and the six minute walk test (6MWT). Further, dyspnea was assessed using the mMRC (Modified Medical Research Council) Dyspnea Scale. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: We were able to contact 87.4% (612/700) of patients or their proxies. At follow-up, 4.4% (27) patients died, of which 96.3% (26) had cardiovascular diseases (CVD). A total of 213 patients aged 19 to 94 years old (mean age 56.8±12.5, median 57 years [49.0; 64.0]; men, 55.4%) agreed come for an outpatient visit and to participate in the “COVID-19-follow-up” program. Since discharge, 8% (17) of patients required new hospitalizations, and more than a half of these patients (58.8%; 10/17) had CVD-related hospitalizations. A total of 8.4% (18) patients experienced worsening of hypertension, 9 (4.2%) patients had newly diagnosed hypertension, 2 (0.9%) – coronary artery disease patients experienced new/recurrent angina symptoms. 4 (1.9%) patients had newly diagnosed coronary artery disease, and one patient had an ischemic stroke. At the outpatient visit, 114 (53.5%) patients had some symptoms, most frequently, shortness of breath (33%), fatigue (27.4%), chest pain (11.3%), and abnormal heartbeats (8.5%). Based on the mMRC Scale, 59% of patients had dyspnea of varying severity. Most patients had a normal vital capacity (VC), which was moderately reduced in 3.3% and severely reduced in 0.5% of patients. Chest CT scans were obtained in 78 (36.6%) patients, whose worst lung damage scores during hospitalization were CT3 or CT4. One in ten patients (10.8%) with severe lung damage during acute infection had persisting ground glass opacities, 35.9% developed fibrotic changes, 79.6% of patients had linear or fine focal opacities. According to the 6MWT data, 12.3% of patients walked less than 70% of the predicted distance, 67% walked 71 to 99% of the predicted distance, and 20.7% of patients were able to walk 100% of their predicted distance.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. These data suggest long-term negative sequelae of COVID-19 in more than half of hospitalized patients.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить последствия COVID-19 у госпитализированных пациентов через 3-7 мес после выписки из стационара.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. 700 пациентов, находившихся на стационарном лечении в COVID-центре ФГБУ «НМИЦ кардиологии» Минздрава России, за период с апреля по июнь 2020 г. были приглашены к участию в исследовании через 3-7 мес после индексной госпитализации. В ходе телефонного контакта производилась регистрация жизненного статуса, сердечно-сосудистых и иных заболеваний и их осложнений, госпитализаций за истекший период. Кроме того, пациенты приглашались на амбулаторный визит по программе «COVID-19 – отдаленное наблюдение», который включал общеклиническое, лабораторное и инструментальное обследование, в том числе, спирометрию, оценку выраженности одышки с помощью шкалы mMRC, оценку физической работоспособности по данным теста с шестиминутной ходьбой (ТШХ), компьютерную томографию легких (КТ). </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Телефонный контакт был установлен с 87,4% (612 из 700) пациентами или их родственниками. За период после выписки из COVID-центра умерли 27 (4,4%) пациентов, из них 26 (96,3%) имели сердечно-сосудистые заболевания (ССЗ). Согласились прийти на амбулаторный визит и принять участие в программе «COVID-19 – отдаленное наблюдение» 213 пациентов (55,4% мужчин, средний возраст 56,8±12,5 лет). С момента выписки 17 (8%) пациентам потребовались новые госпитализации, при этом у 10 из них (58,8%) они были связаны с ССЗ. 18 (8,4%) пациентов за период наблюдения отметили ухудшение течения артериальной гипертонии (АГ), у 9 (4,2%) АГ была диагностирована впервые, 2 (0,9%) пациента с ИБС отметили появление/возобновление приступов стенокардии. Новые случаи ИБС были выявлены у 4 (1,9%) пациентов, 1 (0,5%) пациент перенес ишемический инсульт. При очном визите те или иные жалобы имелись у 114 (53,5%) пациентов. Наиболее часто пациенты жаловались на одышку (33,0%), общую слабость (27,4%), боли в области сердца (11,3%), ощущение перебоев в работе сердца (8,5%). По данным шкалы mMRC, у 59% пациентов имелась одышка различной степени тяжести. По данным спирометрии, у подавляющего большинства пациентов жизненная емкость легких была в пределах нормальных значений, умеренное снижение было отмечено у 3,3% участников, значительное – у 0,5%. КТ органов грудной клетки была выполнена 78 (36,6%) пациентам, у которых максимальная степень поражения легких во время госпитализации соответствовала 3-4 степени. У 10,8% пациентов, имевших в острой фазе заболевания выраженное поражение легких, на отдаленном этапе сохранялись типичные для COVID-19 изменения в легких в виде «матового стекла», у 35,9% сформировались фиброзные изменения, линейные и мелкоочаговые уплотнения присутствовали у 79,6% пациентов. По данным ТШХ &lt;70% от должной дистанции прошли 12,3% пациентов, от 71% до 99% от должной дистанции – 67% и ≥100% от должной дистанции – 20,7% пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Представленные в настоящем исследовании данные свидетельствуют о наличии долговременных негативных последствий новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 у более чем половины госпитализированных пациентов. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>долгосрочные результаты</kwd><kwd>клинические характеристики</kwd><kwd>исходы</kwd><kwd>смерть</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>long-term sequelae</kwd><kwd>clinical features</kwd><kwd>outcomes</kwd><kwd>death</kwd><kwd>computed tomography</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при поддержке Национального медицинского исследовательского центра кардиологии  имени Академика Е.И. Чазова.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed with the support of the National Medical Research Center of Cardiology named after Academician E.I.Chazov.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghebreyesus TA. WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19. 11 March 2020 [cited 2022 Jan 10]. Available from: https://www.who.int/ru/directorgeneral/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid19---11-march-2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ghebreyesus TA. WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19. 11 March 2020 [cited 2022 Jan 10]. 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