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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2022-12-02</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-2848</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Effect of ABCB1 Gene Carriage and Drug-Drug Interactions on Apixaban and Rivaroxaban Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Deep Vein Thrombosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние носительства гена ABCB1 и межлекарственных взаимодействий на фармакокинетику апиксабана и ривароксабана и клинические исходы у пациентов с фибрилляцией предсердий и тромбозом глубоких вен</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6417-9535</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федина</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedina</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федина Людмила Владимировна</p><p>Москва</p><p>eLibrary SPIN1961-7486</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>LyudmilaV. Fedina</p><p>Moscow</p><p>eLibrary SPIN1961-7486</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fedina201368@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2970-3442</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычев</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sychev</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сычев Игорь Николаевич</p><p>Москва</p><p>eLibrary SPIN 7282-6014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor N. Sychev</p><p>Moscow</p><p>eLibrary SPIN 7282-6014</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4606-4507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Растворова</surname><given-names>Т. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rastvorova</surname><given-names>T. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Растворова Татьяна Дмитриевна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana D. Rastvorova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4431-248X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стригункова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strigunkova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стригункова Евгения Владимировна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenia V. Strigunkova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3194-4410</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качанова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachanova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Качанова Анастасия Алексеевна</p><p>Москва</p><p>eLibrary SPIN1214-8156</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia A. Kachanova</p><p>Moscow</p><p>eLibrary SPIN1214-8156</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5166-7903</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Созаева</surname><given-names>Ж. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sozaeva</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Созаева Жаннет Алимовна</p><p>Москва</p><p>eLibrary SPIN 4138-4466</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhannet A. Sozaeva</p><p>Moscow</p><p>eLibrary SPIN 4138-4466</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8555-5969</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бочков</surname><given-names>П. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bochkov</surname><given-names>P. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бочков Павел Олегович</p><p>Москва</p><p>eLibrary SPIN5576-8174</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel O. Bochkov</p><p>Moscow</p><p>eLibrary SPIN5576-8174</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0893-3740</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варданян</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vardanyan</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Варданян Аршак Варданович</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arshak V. Vardanyan</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-4994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзаев</surname><given-names>К. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzayev</surname><given-names>K. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мирзаев Карин Бадавиевич</p><p>Москва</p><p>eLibrary SPIN 8308-7599</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karin B. Mirzayev</p><p>Moscow</p><p>eLibrary SPIN 8308-7599</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4496-3680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sychev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сычев Дмитрий Алексеевич</p><p>Москва</p><p>eLibrary SPIN4525-7556</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Sychev</p><p>Moscow</p><p>eLibrary SPIN4525-7556</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>624</fpage><lpage>629</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Fedina L.V., Sychev I.N., Rastvorova T.D., Strigunkova E.V., Kachanova A.A., Sozaeva Z.A., Bochkov P.O., Vardanyan A.V., Mirzayev K.B., Sychev D.A., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Федина Л.В., Сычев И.Н., Растворова Т.Д., Стригункова Е.В., Качанова А.А., Созаева Ж.А., Бочков П.О., Варданян А.В., Мирзаев К.Б., Сычев Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedina L.V., Sychev I.N., Rastvorova T.D., Strigunkova E.V., Kachanova A.A., Sozaeva Z.A., Bochkov P.O., Vardanyan A.V., Mirzayev K.B., Sychev D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2848">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2848</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To investigate the effect of ABCB1 gene carriage and interdrug interactions on apixaban pharmacokinetics and clinical outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation and deep vein thrombosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Patients hospitalized at Yudin State Clinical Hospital participated in the study. A total of 92 patients (50 patients received apixaban and 42 – rivaroxaban) with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and deep vein thrombosis were included. Genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Direct oral anticoagulants concentrations were measured using an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer in positive ionization mode.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In our study we found that in patients carrying the CT+TT ABCB1 (rs4148738) C&gt;T genotype encoding the carrier protein (P-gp), the plasma concentration of rivaroxaban was statistically significantly higher p= 0.026. In addition, we found that patients taking apixaban together with a CYP3A4/P-gp inhibitor were 3.5 times more likely to have hemorrhagic complications than those without inhibitors p = 0.004.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Our study revealed that the plasma concentration of rivaroxaban was higher in patients carrying the ABCB1 (rs4148738) C&gt;T polymorphism T allele. And patients taking apixaban together with CYP3A4/P-gp inhibitor had higher risk of hemorrhagic complications in comparison with patients not taking such drugs. Further studies are needed on the influence of pharmacogenetics and pharmacokinetics on the safety and efficacy profile of apixaban and rivaroxaban, taking into account the trend of systemic approach to optimization of anticoagulant therapy of direct oral anticoagulants based on pharmacokinetic, pharmacogenetic biomarkers.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить влияние носительства гена ABCB1 и межлекарственных взаимодействий на фармакокинетику апиксабана и клинические исходы у пациентов с фибрилляцией предсердий и тромбозом глубоких вен.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследовании принимали участие пациенты, госпитализированные в ГКБ им. С.С. Юдина. Всего было включено 92 пациента (50 пациентов получали апиксабан и 42 – ривароксабан) с неклапанной фибрилляцией предсердий и тромбозом глубоких вен. Генотипирование осуществляли методом полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени. Измерение концентраций прямых оральных антикоагулянтов проводилось с помощью масс-спектрометра с ионизацией электроспреем в режиме положительной ионизации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Мы обнаружили, что у пациентов – носителей генотипа CT+TT ABCB1 (rs4148738) C&gt;T, кодирующего белок-переносчик (P-gp), статистически значимо была выше концентрация ривароксабана в плазме крови (p=0,026). Кроме того, мы выявили, что у пациентов на фоне приема апиксабана совместно с ингибитором CYP3A4/P-gp в 3,5 раза чаще встречались геморрагические осложнения, чем без ингибиторов (р=0,004).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В результате проведенного нами исследования выявлено, что у пациентов, носителей аллели Т полиморфизма ABCB1 (rs4148738) C&gt;T, концентрация ривароксабана в плазме крови была выше, а у пациентов, принимающих апиксабан совместно с ингибитором CYP3A4/P-gp, был выше риск геморрагических осложнений в отличие от пациентов, не принимающих такие препараты. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования влияния фармакогенетики и фармакокинетики на профиль безопасности и эффективности апиксабана и ривароксабана с учетом тренда системного подхода к оптимизации антикоагулянтной терапии прямыми оральными антикоагулянтами на основании фармакокинетических, фармакогенетических биомаркеров.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ПОАК</kwd><kwd>фармакогенетика</kwd><kwd>ABCB1</kwd><kwd>межлекарственные взаимодействия</kwd><kwd>апиксабан</kwd><kwd>ривароксабан</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>DOAC</kwd><kwd>pharmacogenetics</kwd><kwd>ABCB1</kwd><kwd>drug interactions</kwd><kwd>apixaban</kwd><kwd>rivaroxaban</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда 22-15-00251 №122060600001-4</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation grant 22-15-00251 №122060600001-4</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kruger PC, Eikelboom JW, Douketis JD, et al. 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