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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2023-01-06</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-2883</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POINT OF VIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТОЧКА ЗРЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Atrial Fibrillation: a Marker or Risk Factor for Stroke</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фибрилляция предсердий: маркер или фактор риска развития инсульта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7303-9756</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Татарский</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tatarsky</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татарский Борис Алексеевич.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris A. Tatarsky.</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">btat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6241-2711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Напалков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Napalkov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Напалков Дмитрий Александрович.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Napalkov.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Medical Research Center named after V.A. Almazova</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Tatarsky B.A., Napalkov D.A., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Татарский Б.А., Напалков Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tatarsky B.A., Napalkov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2883">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2883</self-uri><abstract><p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is strongly associated with stroke risk, but an association by itself does not necessarily imply causation. The question remains whether AF is a risk factor for stroke and whether treatment that reduces the severity of AF will also reduce the burden of stroke. On the other hand, it is possible that AF is a risk marker associated with atrial insufficiency, in which structural and electrical atrial remodeling coexist, leading  to the clinical manifestations of AF and the risk of stroke simultaneously. Atrial fibrillation and stroke are inextricably linked to the classic Virchow pathophysiology, which explains thromboembolism as blood stasis in a fibrillating left atrium. This concept has been reinforced by the proven efficacy of oral anticoagulants for the prevention of stroke in AF. However, a number of observations showing that the presence of AF is neither necessary nor sufficient for stroke cast doubt on the causal role of AF in vascular brain injury. The growing recognition of the role of atrial cardiomyopathy and the atrial substrate in the development of stroke associated with AF, as well as stroke without AF, has led to a rethinking of the pathogenetic model of cardioembolic stroke. A number of recent studies have shown that AF is a direct cause of stroke. Studies in which cardiac implantable devices have been used to collect data on pre-stroke AF do not appear to show a direct time relationship. The presence of AF is neither necessary nor sufficient for stroke, which casts doubt on the causal role of AF in cerebrovascular injury. Known risk factors for stroke in the presence of AF are also recognized risk factors for ischemic stroke, regardless of the presence of AF. The risk of stroke in patients with AF in the absence of risk factors differs little from that in patients without AF. This work is devoted to an attempt to answer the question whether AF is a marker or a risk factor for ischemic stroke.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Фибрилляция   предсердий (ФП) тесно связана  с риском инсульта, но сама обязательно ли данная ассоциация означает наличие причинно-следственной связи?  Остается  дискутабельным вопрос: является ли  ФП ключевым фактором риска инсульта (то есть является   ли   он   преимущественно кардиоэмболическим). С другой стороны, возможно, ФП является  маркером риска, ассоциированным с предсердной   недостаточностью, при  которой сосуществует структурное и  электрическое ремоделирование    предсердий,    что приводит  как к  клиническим проявлениям ФП, так и  риску   инсульта одновременно.  Фибрилляция   предсердий и инсульт неразрывно    связаны  с классической триадой Вирхова, объясняющей тромбоэмболические  осложнения застоем крови в фибриллирующем левом предсердии. Эта концепция   была   подкреплена доказанной  эффективностью   пероральных   антикоагулянтов с целью   профилактики    инсульта при ФП. Растущее признание роли предсердной  кардиомиопатии  и  предсердного субстрата  при  развитии инсульта, связанном    с  ФП, а  также инсульт, развивающийся    в отсутствии  ФП, привели  к переосмыслению патогенетической модели   кардиоэмболического инсульта. В ряде недавних исследований показано, что ФП является непосредственной  причиной   инсульта. Исследования, в которых сердечные имплантируемые устройства использовались для сбора данных  о ФП, предшествующих инсульту, не показывали  четкой временной  взаимосвязи. Наличие  ФП не  является ни  необходимым, ни достаточным для инсульта, что ставит под сомнение  ранее не вызывавшую сомнения   этиологическую роль ФП при сосудистом повреждении головного мозга.  Известные факторы риска возникновения  инсульта при наличии ФП также являются признанными факторами риска ишемического инсульта независимо от наличия ФП. Риск инсульта у пациентов   с ФП в отсутствии факторов риска мало  отличается от такового у пациентов  без ФП. Данная работа посвящена  попытке ответить на  вопрос   является ФП маркером или фактором риска развития ишемического инсульта.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фибрилляция предсердий</kwd><kwd>кардиоэмболический инсульт</kwd><kwd>предсердная кардиомиопатия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atrial fibrillation</kwd><kwd>cardioembolic stroke</kwd><kwd>atrial cardiomyopathy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Di Carlo Bellino L, Zaninell F, Baldereschi A, et al. Fibrillazione Atriale in Italia. Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in the Italian elderly population and projections from 2020 to 2060 for Italy and the European Union: the FAI Project. Europace. 2019;21(10):1468-75. DOI:10.1093/europace/euz141</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Di Carlo Bellino L, Zaninell F, Baldereschi A, et al. 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