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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2023-2950</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">NIOUVJ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-2950</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Association of breast arterial calcification and carotid atherosclerosis as a marker of cardiovascular risk</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ассоциация кальциноза артерий молочной железы и атеросклероза сонных артерий — маркера сердечно-сосудистого риска</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0836-7539</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бочкарева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bochkareva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бочкарева Елена Викторовна - руководитель лаборатории медикаментозной профилактики в первичном звене здравоохранения.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Bochkareva.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Ebochkareva@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2960-7044</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бутина</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Butina</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бутина Екатерина Кронидовна - старший научный сотрудник лаборатории медикаментозной профилактики в первичном звене здравоохранения.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina K. Butina.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">EButina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-1955</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Байрамкулова</surname><given-names>Н. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bayramkulova</surname><given-names>N. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Байрамкулова Нюрджан Хусейевна - аспирант лаборатории медикаментозной профилактики в первичном звене здравоохранения.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nyurdzhan Kh. Bayramkulova.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">NBayramkulova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-4723</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ким</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ким Ирина Витальевна - научный сотрудник лаборатории медикаментозной профилактики в первичном звене здравоохранения</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V.Kim.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivkimivkim@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3623-5752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молчанова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Molchanova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Молчанова Ольга Викторовна - ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории медикаментозной профилактики в первичном звене здравоохранения.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Molchanova.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">OMolchanova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3715-6896</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филичкина</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filichkina</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Филичкина Елена Михайловна - лаборант лаборатории биостатистики.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena M. Filichkina.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena.filichkina1999@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6615-4315</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яровая</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yarovaya</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яровая Елена Борисовна - руководитель лаборатории биостатистики.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena B. Yarovaya.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yarovaya@mech.math.msu.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8665-9129</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Метельская</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Metelskaya</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Метельская Виктория Алексеевна - руководитель отдела изучения биохимических маркеров риска хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria A. Metelskaya.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">VMetelskaya@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Драпкина Оксана Михайловна – директор.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oxana M. Drapkina.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ODrapkina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины; Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine; Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>435</fpage><lpage>443</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Bochkareva E.V., Butina E.K., Bayramkulova N.K., Kim I.V., Molchanova O.V., Filichkina E.M., Yarovaya E.B., Metelskaya V.A., Drapkina O.M., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бочкарева Е.В., Бутина Е.К., Байрамкулова Н.Х., Ким И.В., Молчанова О.В., Филичкина Е.М., Яровая Е.Б., Метельская В.А., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bochkareva E.V., Butina E.K., Bayramkulova N.K., Kim I.V., Molchanova O.V., Filichkina E.M., Yarovaya E.B., Metelskaya V.A., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2950">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/2950</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the relationship between breast arterial calcification (BAC) and the presence and severity of carotid atherosclerosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. We analyzed 4274 digital mammograms of women who underwent diagnostic mammography. In addition to the standard diagnosis of breast diseases, BAC was assessed in all mammograms. The study included 198 women aged 40-74 years, who made up 2 groups with and without BAC, each consisting of 99 people, formed on a case-control basis. The severity of BAC was assessed by a 12-point score. Duplex ultrasound of extracranial arteries determined plaque presence, the severity of CA stenosis (in percent) and intima-media thickness (IMT). All women underwent physical and laboratory examinations, electrocardiography, and were interviewed using a questionnaire assessing socio-demographic data, menopausal status, risk factors, and diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The groups did not differ in lipid levels, blood glucose, body mass index, incidence of hypertension, diabetes, or smoking. Women with BAC had a higher incidence of menopause (94,9% vs 84,8%, p=0,033), coronary artery disease (13,1% vs 4,2%, p=0,039) and osteoporosis (18,2% vs 6,1%, p=0,016) in       history. In women with BAC, at least one carotid plaque was observed significantly more often than in those without BAC — in 79,8% and 60,6% of cases, respectively (p=0,005). Women with BAC compared with women without BAC had a greater plaque number (1,0 [1,0; 3,0] vs, 1,0 [1,0; 2,0], p&lt;0,001) and a more severe carotid stenosis, assessed by maximum (25,0 [17,5; 35,0] vs 20,0 [0,0; 27,5], p=0,001), total (30,0 [20,0; 92,5] vs 25,0 [0,0; 50,0], p&lt;0,001) and mean arterial stenosis (25,0 [17,5; 30,0] vs 20,0 [0,0; 25,0], p=0,001). For the first time, a positive relationship was revealed between the severity of carotid atherosclerosis and BAC as follows: women with greater severity of maximum and total carotid stenosis had more severe BAC (p=0,018 and p=0,003, respectively). There was no association between BAC and IMT (p=0,115).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. BAC is associated with a higher incidence and severity of carotid atheromatosis. A positive relationship was found between the severity of BAC and carotid stenosis. The data obtained confirm the prospects of mammography as a screening technique for identifying individuals with an increased cardiovascular risk.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить связь кальциноза артерий молочной железы (КАМЖ) с наличием и степенью выраженности атеросклероза сонных артерий (СА).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проанализированы 4274 цифровые маммограммы женщин, последовательно прошедших диагностическую маммографию. Помимо стандартной диагностики заболеваний молочной железы, на всех маммограммах определялось наличие КАМЖ. В исследование включены 198 женщин в возрасте 40-74 лет, составивших 2 группы с наличием и отсутствием КАМЖ по 99 человек, сформированные по принципу случай-контроль. Степень тяжести КАМЖ оценивали по 12-балльной шкале. При дуплексном сканировании брахиоцефальных артерий определяли наличие атеросклеротических бляшек (АСБ), выраженность стеноза СА (в процентах) и толщину комплекса интима-медиа (ТКИМ). Все женщины прошли физикальное, лабораторное обследование, электрокардиографию, были опрошены по анкете, включающей социо-демографические данные, менопаузальный статус, факторы риска, наличие заболеваний.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Группы не различались по уровню липидов, глюкозы крови, индексу массы тела, частоте артериальной гипертензии, сахарного диабета, курения. Женщины с КАМЖ имели большую частоту менопаузы (94,9% против 84,8%, p=0,033), ишемической болезни сердца (13,1% против 4,2%, p=0,039) и остеопороза (18,2% против 6,1%, p=0,016) в анамнезе. У женщин с КАМЖ наличие хотя бы одной АСБ в СА наблюдалось статистически значимо чаще, чем при отсутствии КАМЖ — в 79,8% и 60,6% случаев соответственно (р=0,005). У женщин с КАМЖ по сравнению с женщинами без КАМЖ имелось большее количество АСБ (1,0 [1,0; 3,0] против 1,0 [1,0; 2,0], р&lt;0,001) и более выраженная степень стенозирования СА, оцениваемая по показателям максимального (25,0 [17,5; 35,0] vs 20,0 [0,0; 27,5], p=0,001), суммарного (30,0 [20,0; 92,5] vs 25,0 [0,0; 50,0], p&lt;0,001) и среднего стеноза артерий (25,0 [17,5; 30,0] vs 20,0 [0,0; 25,0], p=0,001). Впервые выявлена положительная связь между тяжестью каротидного атеросклероза и степенью тяжести КАМЖ: женщины с большей выраженностью максимального и суммарного стеноза СА имели более тяжелый КАМЖ (р=0,018 и р=0,003 соответственно). Не выявлено связи КАМЖ с ТКИМ (p=0,115).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Наличие КАМЖ на маммограмме ассоциируется с более высокой частотой и выраженностью атероматоза в СА. Выявлена положительная связь между тяжестью КАМЖ и степенью стенозирования СА. Полученные данные подтверждают перспективность использования маммографии как скрининговой методики для выявления лиц с повышенным уровнем сердечно-сосудистого риска.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>маммография</kwd><kwd>кальциноз артерий молочной железы</kwd><kwd>атеросклероз сонных артерий</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mammography</kwd><kwd>breast arterial calcification</kwd><kwd>carotid atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular diseases</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при поддержке ФГБУ "Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины" Минздрава России.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed with the support of National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pennells L, Kaptoge S, Wood A, et al. 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