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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2024-3014</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">UZLJIY</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-3014</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POINT OF VIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТОЧКА ЗРЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Metabolic reprogramming as the basis for sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors cardio- and nephroprotective effect</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Метаболическое перепрограммирование как основа кардио- и нефропротективных эффектов ингибиторов натрий-глюкозного ко-транспортера 2 типа</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1595-7692</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курочкина</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurochkina</surname><given-names>O N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курочкина Ольга Николаевна</p><p>Сыктывкар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga N. Kurochkina</p><p>Syktyvkar</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga_kgma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коротков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korotkov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коротков Дмитрий Александрович</p><p>Сыктывкар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Korotkov</p><p>Syktyvkar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сажина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sazhina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сажина Анастасия Сергеевна</p><p>Сыктывкар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia S. Sazhina</p><p>Syktyvkar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богомолов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogomolov</surname><given-names>A N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Богомолов Андрей Николаевич</p><p>Санкт- Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrew N. Bogomolov</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сыктывкарский государственный университет имени Питирима Сорокина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клинический кардиологический диспансер</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Cardiological Dispensary</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский институт биорегуляции и геронтологии</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>258</fpage><lpage>264</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kurochkina O.N., Korotkov D.A., Sazhina A.S., Bogomolov A.N., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Курочкина О.Н., Коротков Д.А., Сажина А.С., Богомолов А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kurochkina O.N., Korotkov D.A., Sazhina A.S., Bogomolov A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/3014">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/3014</self-uri><abstract><p>In recent years, it has been shown that sodium-g lucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2), drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment, significantly improve metabolic parameters and have protective effect on the kidneys and heart not only in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. New research indicates that the progression of chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) involves metabolic reprogramming, which consists of a deterioration in energy metabolism in the heart as a result of a mismatch between glucose uptake and its oxidation, leading to the accumulation of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), glycogen and activation of the pentose phosphate pathway. This nutrient excess activates the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), thereby promoting pathological myocardial remodeling, and at the same time suppresses the nutrient deficiency sensors SIRT1, AMPK and PGC-1α, which is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress and decreased fatty acid oxidation. Similar processes occur in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidneys in CKD, leading to renal dysfunction, albuminuria, and interstitial fibrosis. SGLT2 inhibitors inhibit the reabsorption of sodium and glucose in the proximal tubule, which leads to increased urinary glucose excretion and moderate osmotic diuresis and natriuresis. Nutrient deficiency resulting from glucose excretion promotes the activation of AMPK, which is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis by stimulating PGC-1α, stimulates catabolic metabolism and activates autophagy by inhibiting mTORC1, which is accompanied by antiinflammatory effects, reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis and increased autophagy. These processes are accompanied by a decrease in blood pressure and a decrease in the load on the myocardium, with a simultaneous decrease in the tone of the sympathetic nervous system. Taking SGLT2 inhibitors is accompanied by normalization of tubuloglomerular feedback and a decrease in hyperfiltration, which has a beneficial effect on glomerular hemodynamics, as well as stimulation of erythropoiesis as a result of simulating systemic hypoxia. The described processes may serve as the basis for the cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В последние годы было показано, что ингибиторы натрий-глюкозного ко-транспортера 2 типа (НГЛТ 2), препараты для лечения сахарного диабета 2 типа, значительно улучшают метаболические показатели и оказывают протективное действие на почки и сердце не только у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа. Результаты новых исследований указывают на то, что в прогрессировании хронической сердечной недостаточности (ХСН) и хронической болезни почек (ХБП) участвует метаболическое перепрограммирование, заключающееся в ухудшении энергетического обмена в сердце в результате несоответствия между поглощением глюкозы и ее окислением, приводящего к накоплению глюкозо-6-фосфата (G6P), гликогена и активации пентозофосфатного пути. Описанный избыток питательных веществ активирует мишень рапамицина (mTOR) млекопитающих, тем самым способствуя развитию патологического ремоделирования миокарда, и в то же время подавляет сенсоры дефицита питательных веществ SIRT1, АМПК и PGC-1α, что сопровождается митохондриальной дисфункцией, усилением окислительного стресса и снижением окисления жирных кислот. Аналогичные процессы происходят в проксимальных извитых канальцах почек при ХБП, что приводит к дисфункции почек, альбуминурии и интерстициальному фиброзу. Ингибиторы НГЛТ 2 подавляют реабсорбцию натрия и глюкозы в проксимальных канальцах, что приводит к увеличению экскреции глюкозы с мочой и умеренному осмотическому диурезу и натрийурезу. Дефицит питательных веществ в результате экскреции глюкозы способствует активации AMPK, которая участвует в регуляции биогенеза митохондрий путем стимуляции PGC-1α, стимулирует катаболический метаболизм и активирует аутофагию, ингибируя mTORC1, что сопровождается противовоспалительным эффектом, снижением окислительного стресса и апоптоза и усилением аутофагии. Указанные процессы сопровождаются снижением артериального давления и уменьшением нагрузки на миокард, с одновременным снижением тонуса симпатической нервной системы. Прием ингибиторов НГЛТ 2 сопровождается нормализацией тубуло-г ломерулярной обратной связи и снижением гиперфильтрации, что благотворно влияет на клубочковую гемодинамику, а также стимуляцией эритропоэза в результате имитации системной гипоксии. Описанные процессы могут служить основой кардиопротективного и нефропротективного эффектов ингибиторов НГЛТ 2. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>метаболическое перепрограммирование</kwd><kwd>ингибитор SGLT2</kwd><kwd>нефропротекция</kwd><kwd>кардиопротекция.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic heart failure</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>metabolic reprogramming</kwd><kwd>SGLT2 inhibitor</kwd><kwd>nephroprotection</kwd><kwd>cardioprotection</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsao CW, Lyass A, Enserro D, Larson MG, Ho JE, Kizer JR et al. Temporal Trends in the Incidence of and Mortality Associated with Heart Failure with Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction. JACC: Heart Failure. 2018;6(8):678–85. 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