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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2024-3087</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">MXYVSJ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-3087</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POINT OF VIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТОЧКА ЗРЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Rational approaches to the treatment of patients with overweight and obesity: a cardiologist’s view</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональные подходы к лечению больных, страдающих избыточной массой тела и ожирением: взгляд кардиолога</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-099X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миклишанская</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miklishanskaya</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Миклишанская Софья Владимировна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofia V. Miklishanskaya</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kvant83@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0984-1562</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазур</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazur</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мазур Николай Алексеевич</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolaу A. Mazur</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikolay.a.mazur@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>652</fpage><lpage>659</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Miklishanskaya S.V., Mazur N.A., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Миклишанская С.В., Мазур Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Miklishanskaya S.V., Mazur N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/3087">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/3087</self-uri><abstract><p>The objective is to evaluate various interventions for obesity in terms of their impact on life expectancy and the development of cardiovascular complications. When determining the degree of cardiovascular risk in patients suffering from obesity, one should rely not only on body mass index (BMI), but also on other data, namely, the presence of visceral obesity, metabolic disorders and/or cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus. The review assesses drug and non-drug treatments for obesity, as well as bariatric surgery. GLP-1 agonist drugs and bariatric surgery, despite a significant reduction in body weight, showed the least impact on life expectancy and the development of cardiovascular diseases and complications. Moreover, they are expensive to use and have side effects. Indications for bariatric surgery should be significantly limited. Bariatric surgery is most indicated for people with type 2 diabetes and/or cardiovascular diseases when they cannot be corrected with medication and non-medicinal means. Based on the available data, the Mediterranean diet, brisk walking, and metformin, despite a slower and more moderate weight loss, have the best effect on the prognosis in patients suffering from obesity. Metformin therapy should be added to the treatment of patients suffering from obesity in combination with metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases. In this case, one should not remain on the initial doses, but individually select doses depending on the patient’s BMI.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель обзора — оценка различных вмешательств при ожирении с точки зрения их влияния на прогноз жизни и развитие сердечно-сосудистых осложнений. Определяя степень сердечно-сосудистого риска у больных, страдающих ожирением, следует опираться не только на индекс массы тела, но и на другие данные, а именно наличие висцерального ожирения, метаболических нарушений и/или сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ), сахарного диабета 2 типа. В обзоре дана оценка медикаментозным и немедикаментозным методам лечения ожирения, а также бариатрической хирургии. Агонисты рецепторов глюкагоноподобного пептида 1 (GLP-1) и бариатрическая хирургия, несмотря на существенное снижение массы тела, показали наименьшее влияние на прогноз жизни и развитие ССЗ и осложнений. Более того, они дороги в применении и имеют побочные эффекты. Показания для бариатрической хирургии должны быть существенно ограничены. Наиболее показана бариатрическая хирургия группе лиц с сахарным диабетом 2 типа и/или наличием ССЗ при невозможности их коррекции с помощью медикаментозных и немедикаментозных средств. Исходя из имеющихся данных, средиземноморская модель питания, ходьба в ускоренном темпе, а также метформин, несмотря на более медленное и умеренное снижение массы тела, оказывают наилучшее влияние на прогноз у больных, страдающих ожирением. Терапию метформином следует добавлять к лечению больных, страдающих ожирением, в сочетании с метаболическими нарушениями и ССЗ. При этом следует оставаться не на начальных дозах, а индивидуально подбирать дозы в зависимости от индекса массы тела больного.  </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бариатрическая хирургия</kwd><kwd>висцеральный жир</kwd><kwd>метформин</kwd><kwd>лираглутид</kwd><kwd>семиглутид</kwd><kwd>орлистат</kwd><kwd>средиземноморская диета</kwd><kwd>физическая активность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bariatric surgery</kwd><kwd>visceral fat</kwd><kwd>metformin</kwd><kwd>liraglutide</kwd><kwd>semiglutide</kwd><kwd>orlistat</kwd><kwd>Mediterranean diet</kwd><kwd>physical activity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования и Национального медицинского исследовательского центра кардиологии им. ак. Е. И. Чазова Минздрава России.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed with the support of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia and E. I. Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Neeland I, Ross R, Després J, et al; International Atherosclerosis Society; International Chair on Cardiometabolic Risk Working Group on Visceral Obesity. Visceral and ectopic fat, atherosclerosis, and cardiometabolic disease: a position statement. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019;7(9):715-25. DOI:10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30084-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Neeland I, Ross R, Després J, et al; International Atherosclerosis Society; International Chair on Cardiometabolic Risk Working Group on Visceral Obesity. 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