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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2025-3134</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-3134</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CURRENT QUESTIONS OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ  ВОПРОСЫ  КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ ФАРМАКОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The no-reflow phenomenon: current treatment and prevention strategies</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Феномен no-reflow: современные возможности лечения и профилактики</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3692-5892</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Диль</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dil</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Станислав Викторович Диль</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav V. Dil</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dil.stanislav@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3699-4807</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вышлов</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vyshlov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Викторович Вышлов</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>vgenii V. Vyshlov</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evv@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1444-1037</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Керчева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kercheva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Анатольевна Керчева</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Kercheva</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mariiakercheva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6020-1598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маслов</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslov</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Леонид Николаевич Маслов</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid N. Maslov</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maslov@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4358-7329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вячеслав Валерьевич Рябов</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav V. Ryabov</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rvvt@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт кардиологии, ФГБНУ "Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт кардиологии, ФГБНУ "Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук"; ФГБОУ ВО "Сибирский государственный медицинский университет"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences; Siberian State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Dil S.V., Vyshlov E.V., Kercheva M.A., Maslov L.N., Ryabov V.V., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Диль С.В., Вышлов Е.В., Керчева М.А., Маслов Л.Н., Рябов В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dil S.V., Vyshlov E.V., Kercheva M.A., Maslov L.N., Ryabov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/3134">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/3134</self-uri><abstract><p>   The no-reflow phenomenon remains a significant challenge in the management of myocardial infarction, despite advances in reperfusion therapy, including widespread use of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This condition, characterized by inadequate microcirculation following the restoration of coronary blood flow, significantly worsens clinical outcomes by increasing the risk of heart failure and mortality. The advent of advanced diagnostic modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dynamic myocardial scintigraphy, has enabled more precise assessment of microcirculatory disturbances, offering a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying no-reflow and facilitating targeted prevention strategies. Preventive measures include prolonged stent ballooning, antithrombotic agents (e. g., IIb/IIIa inhibitors and intracoronary thrombolysis), and the use of nicorandil. Nicorandil, with its vasodilatory and cytoprotective properties, has shown promising results in improving angiographic and surrogate markers of reperfusion. However, treating established no-reflow remains a formidable challenge, as current interventions primarily improve surrogate markers (e.g., TIMI flow and ST-segment resolution) without significantly affecting long-term clinical outcomes. The most effective treatments for refractory no-reflow include nicorandil and epinephrine, with the latter demonstrating robust coronary vasodilation and improved coronary blood flow, as well as a reduction in microvascular obstruction volume. Future research directions involve the exploration of monoclonal antibodies capable of selectively blocking key inflammatory pathways and the use of hyperoxemic reperfusion. Nonetheless, additional clinical trials are required to confirm the efficacy and safety of these approaches. Thus, the search for optimal therapeutic solutions for managing no-reflow remains a critical priority, demanding further investigation to improve outcomes for myocardial infarction patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>   Феномен no-reflow остаётся серьёзным препятствием в лечении инфаркта миокарда, несмотря на прогресс в реперфузионной терапии, включая широкое применение первичного чрескожного коронарного вмешательства. Это явление, характеризующееся недостаточной микроциркуляцией после восстановления коронарного кровотока, значительно ухудшает клинические исходы, повышая риск сердечной недостаточности и смерти. С развитием методов диагностики, таких как магнитно-резонансная томография и динамическая сцинтиграфия миокарда, стала возможной более точная оценка микроциркуляторных изменений, позволяющая лучше понять механизмы no-reflow и целенаправленно подойти к его профилактике. Профилактические стратегии включают использование пролонгированного баллонирования стента, антитромботических препаратов (ингибиторов IIb/IIIa и внутрикоронарного тромболизиса), а также никорандила, который благодаря своим вазодилатирующим и цитопротективным свойствам демонстрирует обнадеживающие результаты в улучшении ангиографических и суррогатных маркеров реперфузии. Лечение уже развившегося no-reflow остаётся сложной задачей, так как текущие методы улучшают лишь суррогатные маркеры (TIMI и сегмент ST) без влияния на долгосрочные клинические исходы. Приоритетными средствами для лечения рефрактерного no-reflow являются никорандил и эпинефрин, особенно второй, который благодаря мощному коронаролитическому действию показал хорошие результаты в виде улучшения коронарного кровотока и снижения объёма микроваскулярной обструкции. Перспективные направления исследований включают использование моноклональных антител, способных избирательно блокировать ключевые воспалительные пути, а также гипероксемическую реперфузию. Однако требуется проведение дополнительных клинических исследований для подтверждения эффективности и безопасности данных подходов. Таким образом, поиск оптимальных терапевтических решений для управления no-reflow является важной задачей, требующей дальнейшего изучения для улучшения исходов у пациентов с инфарктом миокарда.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>no-reflow</kwd><kwd>рефрактерный no-reflow</kwd><kwd>чрескожное коронарное вмешательство</kwd><kwd>микроваскулярная обструкция</kwd><kwd>тромбоаспирация</kwd><kwd>аденозин</kwd><kwd>никорандил</kwd><kwd>эпинефрин</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myocardial infarction</kwd><kwd>no-reflow</kwd><kwd>refractory no-reflow</kwd><kwd>percutaneous coronary intervention</kwd><kwd>microvascular obstruction</kwd><kwd>thrombus aspiration</kwd><kwd>adenosine</kwd><kwd>nicorandil</kwd><kwd>epinephrine</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">НИИ Кардиологии Томского НИМЦ</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бессонов И. 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