<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2025-3187</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">DPEFSO</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-3187</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>New opportunities for preclinical diagnostics of antitumor therapy cardiotoxicity: results of an observational study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Новые возможности доклинической диагностики кардиотоксичности противоопухолевой терапии: результаты обсервационного исследования</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2913-9797</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васюк</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasyuk</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васюк Юрий Александрович </p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yury A. Vasyuk</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yvasyuk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1195-2974</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Выжигин</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vyzhigin</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Выжигин Дмитрий Александрович </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy A. Vyzhigin </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Dr.vyzhigin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6188-4610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шупенина</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shupenina</surname><given-names>E. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шупенина Елена Юрьевна </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Y. Shupenina </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eshupenina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9873-8665</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новосел</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novosel</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосел Евгения Олеговна  </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya O. Novosel </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgeniya.sechko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6513-7222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульянова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulyanova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ульянова Елена Александровна </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Ulyanova </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Klepa13@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian University of Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>209</fpage><lpage>216</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Vasyuk Y.A., Vyzhigin D.A., Shupenina E.Y., Novosel E.O., Ulyanova E.A., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васюк Ю.А., Выжигин Д.А., Шупенина Е.Ю., Новосел Е.О., Ульянова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasyuk Y.A., Vyzhigin D.A., Shupenina E.Y., Novosel E.O., Ulyanova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/3187">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/3187</self-uri><abstract><p>Aim. To study new possibilities of the potential of speckle tracking echocardiography for detecting early subclinical cardiotoxicity of chemo- and targeted therapy.Material and methods. 150 patients with a verified oncological diagnosis, with a very high or high risk of cardiotoxicity, determined by the Mayo Clinic scale, were included in the prospective observational study at the Department of Hospital Therapy No. 1 of the Russian Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia in 2021-2023. All enrolled patients were recommended to take a fixed combination of the ACE inhibitor perindopril and the beta-blocker bisoprolol (5+5 mg) 5-7 days before the start of chemo-targeted therapy. Patients with a very high risk of cardiotoxicity who were diagnosed with ischemic chronic heart failure or stable coronary artery disease, or post-myocardial infarction, were additionally recommended to take long-acting trimetazidine OD at a dose of 80 mg once daily. At the second visit, the main group (n=84, receiving cardioprotective drugs) and the comparison group (n=66, not receiving cardioprotective drugs) were formed. All patients at the time of inclusion in the study, as well as 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after the start of antitumor therapy, underwent the following assessment: collecting complaints, anamnesis data, physical examination, ECG registration in 12 standard leads, and a two-dimensional echocardiogram with the measurement of left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS).Results. Primary drug prophylaxis in cancer patients with high and very high risk of cardiotoxicity was associated with a 2.7-fold decrease in significant cardiovascular complications. The development of chronic heart failure in the main group was noted 7 times less frequently than in the comparison group (n=1 (1.2%) vs n=7 (10.6%), p&lt;0.05), a decrease in GLS LV 2.6 times (n=5 (5.9%) vs n=13 (19.7%), p&lt;0.05). During the observation of oncological patients receiving chemo- and targeted therapy, it was found that a specific pattern, previously not described, was revealed in patients with developed systolic dysfunction upon visual assessment of the longitudinal strain of the LV. A decrease in contractility was noted in all LV basal segments, visually displayed by a pale or even blue color along the circumference of the diagram, with the presence of compensatory hyperkinesia of LV apical segments. LV strain reduction in the basal segments along the circumference of the outer part of the polar diagram &gt;-18%, compensatory hyperkinesia of LV apical segments contractility &lt;-18% in the inner part of the diagram compared to the initially determined values of the LV longitudinal strain before the start of antitumor therapy is an early, preclinical sign of cardiotoxicity.Conclusion. The detection of typical changes in local longitudinal strain should be considered as an early sign of cardiotoxicity with a subsequent change in treatment tactics: temporary or permanent withdrawal of the drugs that caused cardiovascular complications, the appointment of cardioprotective therapy with ACE inhibitors, beta-adrenergic blockers and myocardial cytoprotectors.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель. Изучить новые возможности эхокардиографической технологии speckle tracking для выявления субклинической кардиотоксичности химио- и таргетной терапииМатериал и методы. В проспективное обсервационное исследование на кафедре госпитальной терапии №1 ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России в 2021-2023 гг. было включено 150 пациентов с верифицированным онкологическим диагнозом и с очень высоким и высоким риском кардиотоксичности, определенным по шкале клиники Мауо. Всем включенным в исследование пациентам за 5-7 дней до начала химио-таргетной терапии был рекомендован прием фиксированной комбинации ингибитора ангиотензинпревращающего фермента (иАПФ) периндоприла и β-адреноблокатора бисопролола (5+5 мг), а пациентам очень высокого риска кардиотоксичности, у которых была выявлена хроническая сердечная недостаточность (ХСН) ишемического генеза или стабильная ишемическая болезнь сердца, либо постинфарктный кардиосклероз, дополнительно был рекомендован прием триметазидина ОД с пролонгированным высвобождением в дозе 80 мг 1 раз в сутки. На втором визите были сформированы основная группа (n=84, получающие кардиопротективные препараты) и группа сравнения (n=66, не принимающие кардиопротективные препараты). Всем пациентам при включении в исследование, а также через 1, 3, 6, 9 и 12 мес. после начала противоопухолевой терапии, помимо сбора жалоб, данных анамнеза, физикального обследования, регистрации электрокардиограммы в 12 стандартных отведениях проводилась двухмерная эхокардиография с определением глобальной продольной систолической деформации (ГПСД) левого желудочка (ЛЖ).Результаты. Проведение онкологическим больным высокого и очень высокого риска кардиотоксичности первичной медикаментозной профилактики сопровождалось снижением частоты значимых сердечно-сосудистых осложнений в 2,7 раза. Развитие ХСН в основной группе было отмечено в 7 раз реже относительно группы сравнения (n=1 (1,2%) vs n=7 (10,6%), р&lt;0,05), снижение ГПСД ЛЖ — в 2,6 раз (n=5 (5,9%) vs n=13 (19,7%), р&lt;0,05). В процессе наблюдения онкологических больных, получающих химио- и таргетную терапию, при визуальной оценке продольной деформации ЛЖ у пациентов с развившейся систолической дисфункцией выявлялся специфичный паттерн, ранее не описанный в литературе. Отмечалось снижение сократимости во всех базальных сегментах ЛЖ, визуально отображаемое более бледной или даже синей окраской по окружности диаграммы, с наличием компенсаторного гиперкинеза верхушечных сегментов ЛЖ. Снижение деформации ЛЖ в базальных сегментах по окружности наружной части полярной диаграммы &gt;-18%, компенсаторный гиперкинез сократимости верхушечных сегментов ЛЖ &lt;-18% во внутренней части диаграммы по сравнению с исходно определенными значениями продольной деформации ЛЖ до начала противоопухолевой терапии является дополнительным ранним, доклиническим признаком кардиотоксичности.Заключение. Обнаружение типичных изменений локальной продольной систолической деформации ЛЖ необходимо расценивать как ранний признак кардиотоксичности с последующим изменением лечебной тактики: временной или постоянной отмены химиопрепарата, ставшего причиной развития сердечно-сосудистых осложнений, назначение кардиопротективной терапии иАПФ, β-адреноблокаторами и миокардиальным цитопротектором.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кардиоонкология</kwd><kwd>кардиотоксичность</kwd><kwd>химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>эхокардиография</kwd><kwd>speckle tracking</kwd><kwd>продольная деформация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cardio-oncology</kwd><kwd>cardiotoxicity</kwd><kwd>chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>echocardiography</kwd><kwd>speckle tracking</kwd><kwd>longitudinal strain</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwie for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024;74(3):229-63. DOI:10.3322/caac.21834.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwie for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024;74(3):229-63. DOI:10.3322/caac.21834.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">остояние онкологической помощи населению России в 2023 году. Под ред. А.Д. Каприна, В.В. Старинского, А.О. Шахзадовой. М.: МНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена — филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России, 2024. ISBN: 978-5-85502-297-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaprin AD, Starinsky VV, Shakhzadova AO, editors. The state of oncological care for the population of Russia in 2023. Moscow: PA. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute — branch of the National Medical Research Center of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2024. (In Russ.) ISBN: 978-5-85502-297-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васюк Ю.А., Шупенина Е.Ю., Выжигин Д.А., Новосел Е.О. Кардиоонкология: руководство для врачей. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2025. ISBN: 978-5-9704-9003-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasyuk YA, Shupenina EY, Vyzhigin DA, Novosel EO. Cardioncology: a new challenge of our time. Cardio-Oncology: A Guide for Physicians. Moscow: GEOTARMedia; 2025. (In Russ.) ISBN: 978-5-9704-9003-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Herrmann J, Lerman A, Sandhu NP, et al. Evaluation and management of patients with heart disease and cancer: cardio-oncology. Mayo Clin Proc. 2014;89(9):1287- 306. DOI:10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.05.013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Herrmann J, Lerman A, Sandhu NP, et al. Evaluation and management of patients with heart disease and cancer: cardio-oncology. Mayo Clin Proc. 2014;89(9):1287- 306. DOI:10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.05.013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lyon AR, López-Fernández T, Couch LS, et al.; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2022 ESC Guidelines on cardio-oncology developed in collaboration with the European Hematology Association (EHA), the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ESTRO) and the International Cardio-Oncology Society (IC-OS). Eur Heart J. 2022;43(41):4229-361. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac244. Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2023;44(18):1621. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad196.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lyon AR, López-Fernández T, Couch LS, et al.; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2022 ESC Guidelines on cardio-oncology developed in collaboration with the European Hematology Association (EHA), the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ESTRO) and the International Cardio-Oncology Society (IC-OS). Eur Heart J. 2022;43(41):4229-361. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac244. Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2023;44(18):1621. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad196.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kouwenberg TW, van Dalen EC, Feijen EAM, et al. Acute and early-onset cardiotoxicity in children and adolescents with cancer: a systematic review. BMC Cancer. 2023;23(1):866. DOI:10.1186/s12885-023-11353-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kouwenberg TW, van Dalen EC, Feijen EAM, et al. Acute and early-onset cardiotoxicity in children and adolescents with cancer: a systematic review. BMC Cancer. 2023;23(1):866. DOI:10.1186/s12885-023-11353-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li L, Jiang X, Xie Q. Prognostic value of left ventricular global longitudinal strain on speckle echocardiography for predicting chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Echocardiography. 2023;40(4):306-17. DOI:10.1111/echo.15548.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li L, Jiang X, Xie Q. Prognostic value of left ventricular global longitudinal strain on speckle echocardiography for predicting chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Echocardiography. 2023;40(4):306-17. DOI:10.1111/echo.15548.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васюк Ю.А., Шупенина Е.Ю., Новосел Е.О. и др. Возможности первичной медикаментозной профилактики кардиотоксичности противоопухолевой терапии у онкологических больных. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2022;27(12):5258. DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2022-5258.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasyuk YuA, Shupenina EY, Novosel EO, et al. Potential of primary drug prevention of cardiotoxicity in the context of anticancer therapy. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2022;27(12):5258. (In Russ.) DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2022-5258.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tanaka H. Efficacy of echocardiography for differential diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy: special focus on speckle-tracking longitudinal strain. J Echocardiogr. 2021;19(2):71-9. DOI:10.1007/s12574-020-00508-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tanaka H. Efficacy of echocardiography for differential diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy: special focus on speckle-tracking longitudinal strain. J Echocardiogr. 2021;19(2):71-9. DOI:10.1007/s12574-020-00508-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eidenschink AB, Schröter G, Müller-Weihrich S, Stern H. Myocardial high-energy phosphate metabolism is altered after treatment with anthracycline in childhood. Cardiol Young. 2000;10(6):610-7. DOI:10.1017/s1047951100008891.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eidenschink AB, Schröter G, Müller-Weihrich S, Stern H. Myocardial high-energy phosphate metabolism is altered after treatment with anthracycline in childhood. Cardiol Young. 2000;10(6):610-7. DOI:10.1017/s1047951100008891.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tallarico D, Rizzo V, Di Maio F, et al. Myocardial cytoprotection by trimetazidine against anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in anticancer chemotherapy. Angiology. 2003;54(2):219-27. DOI:10.1177/000331970305400212.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tallarico D, Rizzo V, Di Maio F, et al. Myocardial cytoprotection by trimetazidine against anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in anticancer chemotherapy. Angiology. 2003;54(2):219-27. DOI:10.1177/000331970305400212.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song FY, Shi J, Guo Y, et al. Assessment of biventricular systolic strain derived from the two-dimensional and three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in lymphoma patients after anthracycline therapy. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;33(6):857-68. DOI:10.1007/s10554-017-1082-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song FY, Shi J, Guo Y, et al. Assessment of biventricular systolic strain derived from the two-dimensional and three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in lymphoma patients after anthracycline therapy. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;33(6):857-68. DOI:10.1007/s10554-017-1082-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Negishi T, Thavendiranathan P, Penicka M, et al. Cardioprotection Using StrainGuided Management of Potentially Cardiotoxic Cancer Therapy: 3-Year Results of the SUCCOUR Trial. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2023;16(3):269-78. DOI:10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.10.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Negishi T, Thavendiranathan P, Penicka M, et al. Cardioprotection Using StrainGuided Management of Potentially Cardiotoxic Cancer Therapy: 3-Year Results of the SUCCOUR Trial. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2023;16(3):269-78. DOI:10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.10.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marwick TH, Dewar E, Nolan M, et al. Strain surveillance during chemotherapy to improve cardiovascular outcomes: the SUCCOUR-MRI trial. Eur Heart J. 2024;45(41):4414-24. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehae574.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marwick TH, Dewar E, Nolan M, et al. Strain surveillance during chemotherapy to improve cardiovascular outcomes: the SUCCOUR-MRI trial. Eur Heart J. 2024;45(41):4414-24. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehae574.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васюк Ю.А., Школьник Е.Л., Несветов В.В. и др. Нарушения метаболизма миокарда на фоне химиотерапевтического лечения, а также возможности их коррекции. CardioСоматика. 2013;(4):20-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Васюк Ю.А., Школьник Е.Л., Несветов В.В. и др. Нарушения метаболизма миокарда на фоне химиотерапевтического лечения, а также возможности их коррекции. CardioСоматика. 2013;(4):20-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tase AG, Man MG, Tase A, et al. Trimetazidine added-on therapy could lower the risk of incidental left ventricular dysfunction with or without heart failure in epirubicinum recipients for breast cancer [abstract]. JACC. 2017;69(11 Suppl):917. DOI:10.1016/S0735-1097(17)34306-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tase AG, Man MG, Tase A, et al. Trimetazidine added-on therapy could lower the risk of incidental left ventricular dysfunction with or without heart failure in epirubicinum recipients for breast cancer [abstract]. JACC. 2017;69(11 Suppl):917. DOI:10.1016/S0735-1097(17)34306-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Donne MG, Iannielli A, Capozza P, et al. Cardioprotective effect of Trimetazidine in patients with early breast cancer receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy [abstract]. Eur Heart J. 2020. 41(Suppl 2):880. DOI:10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0880.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Donne MG, Iannielli A, Capozza P, et al. Cardioprotective effect of Trimetazidine in patients with early breast cancer receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy [abstract]. Eur Heart J. 2020. 41(Suppl 2):880. DOI:10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0880.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pascale C, Fornengo P, Epifani G et al. Cardioprotection of trimetazidine and anthracycline-induced acute cardiotoxic effects. Lancet. 2002;359(9312):1153-4. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08135-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pascale C, Fornengo P, Epifani G et al. Cardioprotection of trimetazidine and anthracycline-induced acute cardiotoxic effects. Lancet. 2002;359(9312):1153-4. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08135-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Larsen CM, Mulvagh SL. Cardio-oncology: what you need to know now for clinical practice and echocardiography. Echo Res Pract. 2017;4(1):R33-R41. DOI:10.1530/ERP-17-0013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Larsen CM, Mulvagh SL. Cardio-oncology: what you need to know now for clinical practice and echocardiography. Echo Res Pract. 2017;4(1):R33-R41. DOI:10.1530/ERP-17-0013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
