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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2025-3229</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">RJNNIQ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-3229</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Assessment of Wnt1 and Wnt3a levels in patients with different phenotypes of stable coronary artery disease</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка уровней Wnt1 и Wnt3a у больных стабильной ишемической болезнью сердца с различными вариантами поражения коронарных артерий</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7058-1998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аль Ахдал</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Al-Ahdal</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аль Ахдал Мустафа, клинический аспирант кафедры госпитальной терапии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mustafa Al-Ahdal</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alahdal93@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9744-9183</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсупова</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iusupova</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юсупова Альфия Оскаровна, зав. учебной частью кафедры Госпитальной терапии № 1 ИКМ им. Н.В. Склифосовского, профессор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alfiya O. Iusupova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yusalya28@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0113-8768</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пахтусов</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pakhtusov</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пахтусов Николай Николаевич, ассистент кафедры Госпитальной терапии № 1 ИКМ им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay N. Pakhtusov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pakhtusovnn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1172-1116</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Слепова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Slepova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Слепова Ольга Александровна, ассистент кафедры Госпитальной терапии № 1 ИКМ им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Slepova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">slepova_o_a@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3391-0193</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лишута</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lishuta</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лишута Алексей Сергеевич</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey S. Lishuta</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3014-6129</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беленков</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belenkov</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Беленков Юрий Никитич, заведующий кафедрой Госпитальной терапии № 1 ИКМ им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri N. Belenkov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ynbelenkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>433</fpage><lpage>440</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Al-Ahdal M., Iusupova A.O., Pakhtusov N.N., Slepova O.A., Lishuta A.S., Belenkov Y.N., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аль Ахдал М., Юсупова А.О., Пахтусов Н.Н., Слепова О.А., Лишута А.С., Беленков Ю.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Al-Ahdal M., Iusupova A.O., Pakhtusov N.N., Slepova O.A., Lishuta A.S., Belenkov Y.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/3229">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/3229</self-uri><abstract><p>Aim. To assess the Wnt1 and Wnt3a proteins levels in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and different phenotypes of coronary artery lesions.Material and methods. A cross-sectional study included 72 patients with a verified diagnosis of stable CAD (aged 45-75 years) and 30 healthy individuals (control group) without cardiovascular risk factors. Based on coronary angiography or multispiral computed tomography, patients were divided into two groups. Group I — with non-obstructive coronary artery lesions (non-obCAD, n=30; including 11 men (37.5%); median age — 66.0 years [60.5; 71.5]; body mass index (BMI) 26.7 [25.5-30.2] kg/m²); Group II — with obstructive coronary artery lesions (obCAD, n=42; including 30 men (71.4%); median age — 64.0 years [57.0; 72.0]; BMI 27.4; [24.8; 29.8] kg/m²). The control group included 30 volunteers (10 men (33.3%); median age — 28.0 years [26.0; 37.0]; BMI 22.0; [20.9; 25.3] kg/m²). All patients underwent standard laboratory testing (complete blood count, biochemistry blood test, urinalysis) and instrumental diagnostics: electrocardiography (ECG), 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring, echocardiography, stress echocardiography and/or myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with a stress test. The levels of Wnt1 and Wnt3a proteins, endothelin-1, interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6), and C-reactive protein were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results. The CAD patient groups were comparable in age and BMI but differed in sex: the obstructive CAD group was predominantly male (71.4%), while females predominated (62.5%) in the non-obstructive CAD group. The level of Wnt1 protein was significantly higher in the obstructive CAD group (0.19 ng/ml) compared to both the non-obstructive CAD (0.15 ng/ml; p&lt;0.001) and control groups (0.15 ng/ml; p=0.001). The level of Wnt3a was also higher in the obstructive CAD group (0.24 ng/ml) and the control group (0.25 ng/ml) than in the non-obstructive CAD group (0.11 ng/ml; p&lt;0.001). Endothelin-1 levels were higher in the nonobstructive CAD group (33.5 pg/ml) than in the obstructive CAD group (27.3 pg/ml; p=0.027). Inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, CRP) did not differ significantly. Factor analysis revealed two main components: “lipid profile” and “endothelial damage” (Wnt1, Wnt3a, and endothelin-1). ROC analysis showed the second component had high prognostic ability for differentiating CAD phenotypes (AUC=0.987; p&lt;0.001). A logistic regression model based on Wnt1 and Wnt3a demonstrated high accuracy (AUC=0.953) in identifying obstructive CAD.Conclusion. The obtained data may suggest a possible role of the Wnt signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of different types of coronary artery lesions in CAD. Increased levels of Wnt1 and Wnt3a were associated with obstructive coronary artery lesions. An attempt was made to develop a regression model based on Wnt1 and Wnt3a concentrations. The resulting model has high diagnostic value for identifying patients with obCAD. This allows considering these proteins as potential prognostic biomarkers for risk stratification and clarifying the type of coronary artery lesion in CAD.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель. Оценить уровни белков Wnt1 и Wnt3a у больных стабильной ишемической болезнью сердца (ИБС) с различными вариантами поражения коронарных артерий (КА).Материал и методы. В одномоментное исследование были включены 72 пациентa с верифицированным диагнозом стабильной ИБС (45-75 лет) и 30 здоровых лиц (группа контроля) без факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Пациенты по данным коронарной ангиографии или мультиспиральной компьютерной томографии были разделены на две группы. I группа — с необструктивным поражением КА (ноИБС, n=30; из них 11 мужчин (37,5%); средний возраст — 66,0 лет [60,5; 71,5]; индекс массы тела (ИМТ) 26,7 [25,5-30,2] кг/м2); II группа — с обструктивным поражением КА (оИБС, n=42; из них 30 мужчин (71,4%); средний возраст — 64,0 г. [57,0; 72,0]; ИМТ 27,4 кг/м2; [24,8; 29,8]). В группу контроля были включены 30 здоровых лиц (10 мужчин (33,3%); средний возраст — 28,0 лет [26,0; 37,0]; ИМТ 22,0 кг/м2; [20,9; 25,3]). Всем пациентам было выполнено стандартное лабораторное обследование (клинический и биохимический анализы крови, общий анализ мочи) и инструментальная диагностика: электрокардиография (ЭКГ), мониторирование ЭКГ по Холтеру, эхокардиография (ЭхоКГ), стресс-ЭхоКГ и/или однофотонная эмиссионная компьютерная томография миокарда (сцинтиграфия) с нагрузочной пробой. Уровни белков Wnt1 и Wnt3a, эндотелина-1, интерлейкинов (ИЛ-1β, ИЛ-6) и С-реактивного белка (СРБ) определяли методом иммуноферментного анализа.Результаты. Группы пациентов с ИБС были сопоставимы по возрасту, ИМТ, но различались по полу: в группе оИБС преобладали мужчины (71,4%), в то время как в группе ноИБС — женщины (62,5%). Уровень белка Wnt1 был значимо выше у пациентов с оИБС (0,19 нг/мл) по сравнению с ноИБС (0,15 нг/мл; p &lt;0,001) и контролем (0,15 нг/мл; p=0,001). Уровень белка Wnt3a также был выше в группе оИБС (0,24 нг/мл) и группе контроля (0,25 нг/мл), чем при ноИБС (0,11 нг/мл; p &lt;0,001 и р=0,08, соответственно). Уровень эндотелина-1 был выше у больных с ноИБС (33,5 пг/мл), в отличие от оИБС (27,3 пг/мл; p=0,027). При помощи факторного анализа были извлечены компоненты, объединенные в две группы: «липидный профиль» (общий холестерин, липопротеиды низкой плотности) и «повреждение эндотелия» (Wnt1, Wnt3a и эндотелин-1). ROC-анализ показал высокую прогностическую способность второй компоненты для дифференциации вариантов поражения КА при ИБС (AUC=0,987; p &lt;0,001). Модель логистической регрессии на основе Wnt1 и Wnt3a продемонстрировала высокую точность (AUC=0,953) в определении оИБС.Заключение. Полученные данные могут предполагать возможную роль сигнального пути Wnt в патогенезе различных вариантов поражения КА при ИБС. Повышение уровней Wnt1 и Wnt3a было ассоциировано с обструктивным поражением КА. Предпринята попытка разработать регрессионную модель на основе концентраций Wnt1 и Wnt3a. Полученная модель обладает высокой диагностической ценностью для идентификации пациентов с оИБС. Это позволяет рассматривать данные белки в качестве потенциальных прогностических биомаркеров для стратификации риска и уточнения варианта поражения КА при ИБС.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ишемическая болезнь сердца</kwd><kwd>коронарные артерии</kwd><kwd>ишемическая болезнь сердца с необструктивным поражением коронарных артерий</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры атеросклероза</kwd><kwd>эндотелин-1</kwd><kwd>каскад Wnt</kwd><kwd>Wnt1</kwd><kwd>Wnt3a</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coronary artery disease</kwd><kwd>coronary artery</kwd><kwd>non-obstructive coronary artery disease</kwd><kwd>atherosclerosis biomarkers</kwd><kwd>endothelin-1</kwd><kwd>Wnt signaling pathway</kwd><kwd>Wnt1</kwd><kwd>Wnt3a</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при поддержке Российского научного фонда, грант № 22-15-00424-П «Роль активации сигнального каскада WNT, процессов его эпигенетической регуляции и иммуноопосредованного воспаления в прогрессировании атеросклероза и возможности влияния на него методом терапевтического неоангиогенеза у пациентов со стабильной ишемической болезнью сердца».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted with the support of the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 22-15-00424-П “The role of activation of the Wnt signaling cascade, the processes of its epigenetic regulation and immune-mediated inflammation in the progression of atherosclerosis and the possibility of influencing it by therapeutic neoangiogenesis in patients with stable coronary heart disease.”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nusse R, Clevers H. 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