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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2026-3249</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">DNAIFT</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-3249</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Loneliness, social isolation and cardiovascular disease risk in patients over forty-five years old (review)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Одиночество, социальная изоляция и риск сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у пациентов старше сорока пяти лет (обзор)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-0849</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елиашевич</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eliashevich</surname><given-names>S. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елиашевич Софья Олеговна  </p><p>Петроверигский пер., д. 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofia O. Eliashevich </p><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elsofol@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8410-1962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нуньес Араухо</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nunes Araukho</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нуньес Араухо Екатерина Олеговна  </p><p>Петроверигский пер., д. 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina O. Nunes Araukho</p><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Драпкина Оксана Михайловна </p><p>Петроверигский пер., д. 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana M. Drapkina </p><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Eliashevich S.O., Nunes Araukho E.O., Drapkina O.M., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Елиашевич С.О., Нуньес Араухо Е.О., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eliashevich S.O., Nunes Araukho E.O., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/3249">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/3249</self-uri><abstract><p>Among the important psychosocial risk factors (RFs) for cardiovascular disease (CVD), loneliness and social isolation hold a special place. The prevalence of these RFs is increasing among people of all ages due to social, cognitive, and behavioral factors. However, in clinical practice, there is a lack of a thorough understanding of the distinctive characteristics of loneliness and social isolation, their causes, and their negative consequences for the development of CVDs, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and many others, including endothelial dysfunction.</p><p>Loneliness and social isolation are associated with a higher risk of CVD regardless of sex, as confirmed by various meta-analyses. There are conflicting data regarding the impact on mortality. Some national cohorts have shown an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality in conditions of loneliness, while in others this relationship has not been confirmed due to cultural differences. Social isolation increases the risk of death from coronary heart disease and stroke indirectly through sympathetic nervous system activation, chronic inflammation, and unhealthy behaviour (smoking, sedentary lifestyle and poor diet).</p><p>Loneliness and social isolation are significant underlying psychosocial risk factors, requiring regular screening using validated scales.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Среди важных психосоциальных факторов риска (ФР) сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) одиночество и социальная изоляция занимают особое место. Распространённость этих ФР растет среди людей всех возрастов в силу социальных, когнитивных и поведенческих причин. Вместе с тем в клинической практике отсутствует глубинное понимание отличительных характеристик одиночества и социальной изоляции, причин их формирования и негативных последствий в отношении развития ССЗ, таких как артериальная гипертензия, атеросклероз и многие другие, включая эндотелиальную дисфункцию. Одиночество и социальная изоляция связаны с более высоким риском развития ССЗ вне зависимости от пола, что подтверждают результаты метаанализов. В отношении влияния на смертность имеются противоречивые данные. В ряде национальных когорт показано повышение риска сердечно-сосудистой смертности в условиях одиночества, в других — эта закономерность не прослеживается. Социальная изоляция повышает риск смерти от ишемической болезни сердца и инсульта опосредованно через активацию симпатической нервной системы, хроническое воспаление и дезадаптивное поведение (табакокурение, малоподвижный образ жизни и неправильное питание).</p><p>Одиночество и социальная изоляция являются скрытыми значимыми психосоциальными ФР, в связи с чем требуется регулярный скрининг с использованием валидированных опросников для их выявления.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>одиночество</kwd><kwd>социальная изоляция</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>психосоциальные факторы</kwd><kwd>социальная поддержка</kwd><kwd>социальное здоровье</kwd><kwd>дезадаптивное поведение</kwd><kwd>социум</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>loneliness</kwd><kwd>social isolation</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular disease</kwd><kwd>psychosocial risk factors</kwd><kwd>social support</kwd><kwd>social health</kwd><kwd>maladaptive behavior</kwd><kwd>society</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пушкарев Г. 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