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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2025-3272</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-3272</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Association of rare gene variants associated with low bone mass and dyslipidemia with the combination of atherosclerosis and osteopenic syndrome in women</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Связь редких вариантов генов, ассоциированных с низкой костной массой и дислипидемиями, c сочетанием атеросклероза и остеопенического синдрома у женщин</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-0725</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скрипникова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skripnikova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скрипникова Ирина Анатольевна </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Skripnikova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0897-3811</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мягкова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myagkova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мягкова Маргарита Анатольевна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita A. Myagkova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">margarita100690@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8164-8946</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колчина</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolchina</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колчина Мария Александровна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Kolchina</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7036-4756</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косматова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosmatova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Косматова Ольга Владимировна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Kosmatova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0615-4548</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Выгодин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vygodin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Выгодин Владимир Анатольевич </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Vygodin</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4765-8021</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiseleva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киселева Анна Витальевна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Kiseleva</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6985-7131</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Покровская</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pokrovskaya</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Покровская Мария Сергеевна </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria S. Pokrovskaya</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5989-6233</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мешков</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Meshkov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мешков Алексей Николаевич</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey N. Meshkov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Драпкина Оксана Михайловна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana M. Drapkina</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>521</fpage><lpage>528</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Skripnikova I.A., Myagkova M.A., Kolchina M.A., Kosmatova O.V., Vygodin V.A., Kiseleva A.V., Pokrovskaya M.S., Meshkov A.N., Drapkina O.M., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Скрипникова И.А., Мягкова М.А., Колчина М.А., Косматова О.В., Выгодин В.А., Киселева А.В., Покровская М.С., Мешков А.Н., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Skripnikova I.A., Myagkova M.A., Kolchina M.A., Kosmatova O.V., Vygodin V.A., Kiseleva A.V., Pokrovskaya M.S., Meshkov A.N., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/3272">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/3272</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the associations of rare gene variants involved in monogenic diseases presenting with low bone mineral density (BMD) and dyslipidemia, with combined vascular wall and bone tissue changes in women.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 308 peri- and postmenopausal women aged 45 to 82 years, examined on an outpatient basis as part of cross-sectional (2018-2020) and prospective (baseline visit – 2012-2014, repeat – after 10 years) studies. Cardiovascular risk (SCORE) and fracture risk (FRAX) assessment, carotid ultrasound with atherosclerotic plaques (ASP) registration, multispiral computed tomography of the coronary arteries to assess the Agatston calcium index (ACI), measurement of BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, molecular genetic examination using targeted sequencing were performed. Rare gene variants associated with monogenic diseases with low BMD (BMP1, COL1A1, COL1A2, ALPL, ENPP1, SLC34A1, LRP5, WNT1, FBN1, TGFBR2, LMNA, NOTCH2, PLS3) and with monogenic dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis (AS) (LDLR, APOE), were selected, which are combined and summarized according to the principle of entry into the gene’s networks (Е-ECM, Е-MIN, Е-WNT, Е-TGFB, Е-OTHER, Е-ALL, Е-ATHER).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Low bone mass was detected in 70.4% of women, and its combinations with signs of subclinical AS – the presence of ASP and/or ACI ≥1 unit – were noted in 60.8% of patients. Among the studied genetic factors, variants of the genes SLC34A1 (6.5%), LDLR (3.3%), COL1A2 (2.3%), LRP5 (2.3%) and the sum of variants from the groups of genes E-ALL (23.7%) and E-MIN (8.4%) were more common. In the group of women with a combination of signs of subclinical AS and osteopenic syndrome (presence of ASP and/or ACI ≥1 unit and low BMD) variants of the SLC34A1 gene (0% vs 7.2%, p=0.008) and variants from three groups of genes E-ALL (9.7% vs 24.8%, p=0.047), E-MIN (0% vs 9.2%, p=0.003), E-TGFB (0% vs 4.6%, p=0.033) were significantly more frequent compared to the group without this combination of signs. The total burden of rare variants in all genes associated with monogenic diseases with low BMD (E-ALL) increased the chance of detecting a combined pathology by 3.2 times (95%CI [1.04-9.07], p=0.047). In multivariate regression analysis (adjusted for age ≥55 years, body mass index &lt;20 kg/m2, intima-media complex thickness ≥0.9 mm, total cholesterol ≥5.0 mmol/L, bone resorption marker CTx &gt;1,008 ng/ml, SCORE ≥1%, FRAX ≥7% for the main fractures and FRAX ≥0.3% for hip fracture), the independent role of none of the studied genetic integral factors in the development of combined pathology has not been confirmed.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A clear trend towards an increased frequency of integral genetic factors, representing the sum of rare gene variants associated with monogenic diseases with low BMD was observed in patients with a combination of AS and osteopenic syndrome. This trend did not reach statistical significance, likely due to insufficient sample size or the predominance of clinical risk factors.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить ассоциации редких вариантов генов моногенных заболеваний, сопровождающихся низкой минеральной плотностью кости (МПК) и дислипидемиями, с сочетанными изменениями сосудистой стенки и костной ткани у женщин.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Включены 308 женщин в пери- и постменопаузе в возрасте от 45 до 82 лет, обследованных амбулаторно в рамках одномоментного (2018-2020 гг.) и проспективного (базовый визит – 2012-2014 гг., повторный – через 10 лет) исследований. Проводились оценка сердечно-сосудистого риска (SCORE) и 10-летнего риска переломов (FRAX), дуплексное сканирование сонных артерий для регистрации атеросклеротических бляшек (АСБ), мультиспиральная компьютерная томография коронарных артерий для оценки кальциевого индекса (КИ) Агатстона, измерение МПК методом двухэнергетической рентгеновской абсорбциометрии, молекулярно-генетическое исследование с помощью таргетного секвенирования. Отобраны редкие варианты генов, связанных с моногенными заболеваниями с низкой МПК (BMP1, COL1A1, COL1A2, ALPL, ENPP1, SLC34A1, LRP5, WNT1, FBN1, TGFBR2, LMNA, NOTCH2, PLS3) и с моногенными дислипидемиями и атеросклерозом (АС) (LDLR, APOE), которые объединены и суммированы по принципу вхождения в генные сети (Е-ECM, Е-MIN, Е-WNT, Е-TGFB, Е-OTHER, Е-ALL, Е-ATHER).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Низкая костная масса выявлена у 70,4% женщин, ее сочетания с признаками доклинического АС – наличие АСБ и/или КИ Агатстона ≥1 ед. – отмечены у 60,8% пациенток. Среди изучаемых генетических факторов чаще встречались варианты генов SLC34A1 (6,5%), LDLR (3,3%), COL1A2 (2,3%), LRP5 (2,3%) и сумма вариантов из групп генов E-ALL (23,7%) и E-MIN (8,4%). В группе женщин с сочетанием признаков субклинического АС и остеопенического синдрома (наличие АСБ и/или КИ Агатстона ≥1 ед. и низкой МПК) значимо чаще регистрировались варианты гена SLC34A1 (0% vs 7,2%, p=0,008) и варианты из трех групп генов E-ALL (9,7% vs 24,8%, p=0,047), E-MIN (0% vs 9,2%, p=0,003), E-TGFB (0% vs 4,6%, p=0,033) в сравнении с группой без этой комбинации признаков. Суммарное бремя редких вариантов во всех генах, связанных с моногенными заболеваниями с низкой МПК (Е-ALL), увеличивало шанс выявления сочетанной патологии в 3,2 раза (95% доверительный интервал [1,04-9,07], p=0,047). В многофакторном регрессионном анализе (с поправкой на возраст ≥55 лет, индекс массы тела &lt;20 кг/м 2 , толщину комплекса интима-медиа ≥0,9 мм, общий холестерин ≥5,0 ммоль/л, маркер костной резорбции CTx &gt;1,008 нг/мл, SCORE ≥1%, FRAX ≥7% для основных переломов и FRAX ≥0,3% для перелома бедра) не была подтверждена самостоятельная роль ни одного из изучаемых генетических интегральных факторов в развитии сочетанной патологии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявлена отчетливая тенденция к повышению частоты интегральных генетических факторов, представляющих сумму редких вариантов генов, связанных с моногенными заболеваниями с низкой МПК, у пациентов с сочетанием АС и остеопенического синдрома, которая не достигала статистической значимости, вероятно, из-за недостаточной численности участников или преобладания клинических факторов риска.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>атеросклеротические бляшки</kwd><kwd>кальциевый индекс Агатстона</kwd><kwd>остеопороз</kwd><kwd>остеопенический синдром</kwd><kwd>минеральная плотность костной ткани</kwd><kwd>варианты генов</kwd><kwd>моногенные заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>atherosclerotic plaques</kwd><kwd>Agatston calcium score</kwd><kwd>osteoporosis</kwd><kwd>osteopenic syndrome</kwd><kwd>bone mineral density</kwd><kwd>gene variants</kwd><kwd>monogenic diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prabhakaran D, Anand S, Watkins D, et al.; Disease Control Priorities-3 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Related Disorders Author Group. 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