<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рациональная Фармакотерапия в Кардиологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1819-6446</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2225-3653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20996/1819-6446-2012-8-5-721-726</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpcardio-624</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FROM THE JACC</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИЗ JACC</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>OBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE: AN ELUSIVE LINK!</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ОБСТРУКТИВНЫЙ КОРОНАРНЫЙ АТЕРОСКЛЕРОЗ И ИШЕМИЧЕСКАЯ БОЛЕЗНЬ СЕРДЦА: НЕУЛОВИМАЯ СВЯЗЬ!</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Marzilli</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marzilli</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>rафедра кардиохиургии, отделение кардиологии</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marzilli@med.unipit.it</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Merz</surname><given-names>C. N. B.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merz</surname><given-names>C.N.B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кардиологическое отделение</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Boden</surname><given-names>W. E.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boden</surname><given-names>W. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>отделение терапии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Bonow</surname><given-names>R. O.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bonow</surname><given-names>R. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>отделение терапии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Capozza</surname><given-names>P. G.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Capozza</surname><given-names>P. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра кардиохиургии, отделение кардиологии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Chilian</surname><given-names>W. M.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chilian</surname><given-names>W. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>отделение интегральных медицинских наук</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>DeMaria</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>DeMaria</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>отделение кардиологии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Guarini</surname><given-names>G.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guarini</surname><given-names>G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра кардиохиургии, отделение кардиологии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Huqi</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Huqi</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра кардиохиургии, отделение кардиологии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Morrone</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morrone</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра кардиохиургии, отделение кардиологии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Patel</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Patel</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>отделение кардиологии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Weintraub</surname><given-names>W. S.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Weintraub</surname><given-names>W. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Университетский госпиталь Пизы</institution><country>Italy</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Женский кардиологический центр, Институт сердца Седарс-Синай, &#13;
Лос-Анджелес, Калифорния</institution><country>United States</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>Олбани Страттон ВА, медицинский центр, Олбани, Нью-Йорк</institution><country>United States</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-4"><institution>Северо-западный университет, Чикаго, Иллинойс</institution><country>United States</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-5"><institution>Университетский госпиталь Пизы, Пиза, Италия</institution><country>Italy</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-6"><institution>Северо-восточный медицинский университет Огайо,  Рутстаун, Огайо</institution><country>United States</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-7"><institution>Университет Калифорнии, Сан-Диего, Сан-Диего, Калифорния</institution><country>United States</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-8"><institution>Медицинский центр университета Дюка, Дарем, Северная Каролина</institution><country>United States</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-9"><institution>Система здравоохранения Кристиана, Ньюарк, Делавэр</institution><country>United States</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>01</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>721</fpage><lpage>726</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Marzilli M., Merz C., Boden W.E., Bonow R.O., Capozza P.G., Chilian W.M., DeMaria A.N., Guarini G., Huqi A., Morrone D., Patel M.R., Weintraub W.S., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Marzilli M., Merz C., Boden W.E., Bonow R.O., Capozza P.G., Chilian W.M., DeMaria A.N., Guarini G., Huqi A., Morrone D., Patel M.R., Weintraub W.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Marzilli M., Merz C., Boden W.E., Bonow R.O., Capozza P.G., Chilian W.M., DeMaria A.N., Guarini G., Huqi A., Morrone D., Patel M.R., Weintraub W.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/624">https://www.rpcardio.online/jour/article/view/624</self-uri><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Согласно современной патофизиологической модели хронической ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС), ишемия миокарда и стенокардия напряжения возникают в результате наличия атеросклеротической бляшки в коронарной артерии, в связи с чем клиническое лечение ИБС сосредоточено на выявлении и устранении стеноза. Хотя данный подход применяется на практике уже много лет , некоторые факты, включая недостаточное влияние этого подхода на прогноз, свидетельствуют о том, что такая прямая связь может представлять собой слишком упрощенный взгляд на ИБС. В частности, в многочисленных исследованиях было показано, что ИБС может быть как при наличии, так и в отсутствии коронарной болезни сердца, и что атеросклероз — всего лишь один из элементов в комплексном многофакторном патофизиологическом процессе, включающем также воспаление, нарушение микроциркуляции, эндотелиальную дисфункцию, тромбоз и ангиогенез. Более того, высокая частота рецидивов выделяет тот факт , что у пациентов со стабильной ИБС устранение стеноза не оказывает воздействия на лежащие в основе патологические механизмы, что ведет к прогрессированию других поражений. Предлагаемая в этом обзоре модель смещает фокус с обструктивного атеросклероза коронарных артерий на клетки миокарда, где, собственно, и возникает ишемия. Если клетку миокарда расположить в центре этой модели, появляется возможность учесть все возможные потенциальные патологические факторы и, как следствие, разработать стратегии для защиты кардиомиоцитов от ишемического повреждения, независимо от причинного механизма.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>ишемическая болезнь сердца</kwd><kwd>многофакторный</kwd><kwd>реваскуляризация</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gould KL, Lipscomb K. Effects of coronary stenoses on coronary flow reserve and resistance. Am J Car-diol 1974;34:48 –55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gould KL, Lipscomb K. Effects of coronary stenoses on coronary flow reserve and resistance. Am J Car-diol 1974;34:48 –55.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levine GN, Bates ER, Blankenship JC, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;58:e44 –122.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levine GN, Bates ER, Blankenship JC, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;58:e44 –122.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gruntzig A, Hirzel H, Goebel N, et al. Percutaneous transluminal dilatation of chronic coronary stenoses. First experiences [article in German]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1978;108:1721–3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gruntzig A, Hirzel H, Goebel N, et al. Percutaneous transluminal dilatation of chronic coronary stenoses. First experiences [article in German]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1978;108:1721–3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patel MR, Peterson ED, Dai D, et al. Low diagnostic yield of elective coronary angiography. N Engl J Med 2010;362:886 –95.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patel MR, Peterson ED, Dai D, et al. Low diagnostic yield of elective coronary angiography. N Engl J Med 2010;362:886 –95.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Douglas PS, Patel MR, Bailey SR, et al. Hospital variability in the rate of finding obstructive coronary artery disease at elective, diagnostic coronary angiography. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;58:801–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Douglas PS, Patel MR, Bailey SR, et al. Hospital variability in the rate of finding obstructive coronary artery disease at elective, diagnostic coronary angiography. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;58:801–9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marzilli M, Huqi A, Morrone D. Persistent angina: the Araba Phoenix of cardiology. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2010;10 Suppl 1: 27–32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marzilli M, Huqi A, Morrone D. Persistent angina: the Araba Phoenix of cardiology. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2010;10 Suppl 1: 27–32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boden WE, O’Rourke RA, Teo KK, et al. Optimal medical therapy with or without PCI for stable coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2007;356:1503–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boden WE, O’Rourke RA, Teo KK, et al. Optimal medical therapy with or without PCI for stable coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2007;356:1503–16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Henderson RA, Pocock SJ, Clayton TC, et al. Seven-year outcome in the RITA-2 trial: coronary angioplasty versus medical therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;42:1161–70.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Henderson RA, Pocock SJ, Clayton TC, et al. Seven-year outcome in the RITA-2 trial: coronary angioplasty versus medical therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;42:1161–70.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stone GW, Maehara A, Lansky AJ, et al. A prospective naturalhistory study of coronary atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med 2011;364:226–35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stone GW, Maehara A, Lansky AJ, et al. A prospective naturalhistory study of coronary atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med 2011;364:226–35.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alderman EL, Kip KE, Whitlow PL, et al. Native coronary disease progression exceeds failed revascularization as cause of angina after five years in the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI). J Am Coll Cardiol 2004;44:766 –74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alderman EL, Kip KE, Whitlow PL, et al. Native coronary disease progression exceeds failed revascularization as cause of angina after five years in the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI). J Am Coll Cardiol 2004;44:766 –74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hueb W, Soares PR, Gersh BJ, et al. The Medicine, Angioplasty, or Surgery Study (MASS-II): a ran-domized, controlled clinical trial of three therapeutic strategies for multivessel coronary artery disease: one-year results. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004;43:1743–51.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hueb W, Soares PR, Gersh BJ, et al. The Medicine, Angioplasty, or Surgery Study (MASS-II): a ran-domized, controlled clinical trial of three therapeutic strategies for multivessel coronary artery disease: one-year results. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004;43:1743–51.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pijls NH, Fearon WF, Tonino PA, et al. Fractional flow reserve versus angiography for guiding percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease: 2-year follow-up of the FAME (Fractional Flow Reserve Versus Angiography for Multivessel Evaluation) study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;56:177– 84.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pijls NH, Fearon WF, Tonino PA, et al. Fractional flow reserve versus angiography for guiding percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease: 2-year follow-up of the FAME (Fractional Flow Reserve Versus Angiography for Multivessel Evaluation) study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;56:177– 84.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deligonul U, Vandormael MG, Shah Y, Galan K, Kern MJ, Chaitman BR. Prognostic value of early exercise stress testing after successful coronary angioplasty: importance of the degree of revascularization. Am Heart J 1989;117:509 –14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deligonul U, Vandormael MG, Shah Y, Galan K, Kern MJ, Chaitman BR. Prognostic value of early exercise stress testing after successful coronary angioplasty: importance of the degree of revascularization. Am Heart J 1989;117:509 –14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adamu U, Knollmann D, Alrawashdeh W, et al. Results of interventional treatment of stress positive coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 2010;105:1535–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adamu U, Knollmann D, Alrawashdeh W, et al. Results of interventional treatment of stress positive coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 2010;105:1535–9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wright RS, Anderson JL, Adams CD, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non-STElevation Myocardial Infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines developed in collaboration with the American Academy of Family Physicians, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;57:e215–367.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wright RS, Anderson JL, Adams CD, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non-STElevation Myocardial Infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines developed in collaboration with the American Academy of Family Physicians, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;57:e215–367.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lin F, Shaw LJ, Berman DS, et al. Multidetector computed tomography coronary artery plaque predictors of stress-induced myocardial ischemia by SPECT. Atherosclerosis 2008;197:700 –9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lin F, Shaw LJ, Berman DS, et al. Multidetector computed tomography coronary artery plaque predictors of stress-induced myocardial ischemia by SPECT. Atherosclerosis 2008;197:700 –9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Narula J, Strauss HW. The popcorn plaques. Nat Med 2007;13:532–4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Narula J, Strauss HW. The popcorn plaques. Nat Med 2007;13:532–4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McGill HC, Jr., McMahan CA, Zieske AW, et al. Association of coronary heart disease risk factors with microscopic qualities of coronary atherosclerosis in youth. Circulation 2000;102:374 –9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McGill HC, Jr., McMahan CA, Zieske AW, et al. Association of coronary heart disease risk factors with microscopic qualities of coronary atherosclerosis in youth. Circulation 2000;102:374 –9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mittelmark MB, Psaty BM, Rautaharju PM, et al. Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among older adults. The Cardiovascular Health Study. Am J Epidemiol 1993;137:311–7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mittelmark MB, Psaty BM, Rautaharju PM, et al. Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among older adults. The Cardiovascular Health Study. Am J Epidemiol 1993;137:311–7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fox K, Garcia MA, Ardissino D, et al. Guidelines on the management of stable angina pectoris: executive summary: the Task Force on the Management of Stable Angina Pectoris of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 2006;27:1341– 81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fox K, Garcia MA, Ardissino D, et al. Guidelines on the management of stable angina pectoris: executive summary: the Task Force on the Management of Stable Angina Pectoris of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 2006;27:1341– 81.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arbustini E, Grasso M, Diegoli M, et al. Coronary atherosclerotic plaques with and without thrombus in ischemic heart syndromes: a morphologic, immunohistochemical, and biochemical study. Am J Car-diol 1991;68:36B–50B.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arbustini E, Grasso M, Diegoli M, et al. Coronary atherosclerotic plaques with and without thrombus in ischemic heart syndromes: a morphologic, immunohistochemical, and biochemical study. Am J Car-diol 1991;68:36B–50B.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marzilli M, Goldstein S, Trivella MG, Palumbo C, Maseri A. Some clinical considerations regarding the relation of coronary vasospasm to coronary atherosclerosis: a hypothetical pathogenesis. Am J Car-diol 1980;45:882– 6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marzilli M, Goldstein S, Trivella MG, Palumbo C, Maseri A. Some clinical considerations regarding the relation of coronary vasospasm to coronary atherosclerosis: a hypothetical pathogenesis. Am J Car-diol 1980;45:882– 6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hochman JS, Tamis JE, Thompson TD, et al. Sex, clinical presentation, and outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries in Acute Coronary Syndromes IIb Investigators. N Engl J Med 1999;341:226–32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hochman JS, Tamis JE, Thompson TD, et al. Sex, clinical presentation, and outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries in Acute Coronary Syndromes IIb Investigators. N Engl J Med 1999;341:226–32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tonino PA, De Bruyne B, Pijls NH, et al. Fractional flow reserve versus angiography for guiding percutaneous coronary intervention. N Engl J Med 2009;360:213–24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tonino PA, De Bruyne B, Pijls NH, et al. Fractional flow reserve versus angiography for guiding percutaneous coronary intervention. N Engl J Med 2009;360:213–24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Velazquez EJ, Lee KL, Deja MA, et al. Coronary-artery bypass surgery in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. N Engl J Med 2011;364:1607–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velazquez EJ, Lee KL, Deja MA, et al. Coronary-artery bypass surgery in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. N Engl J Med 2011;364:1607–16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abrams J. Clinical practice. Chronic stable angina. N Engl J Med 2005;352:2524 –33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abrams J. Clinical practice. Chronic stable angina. N Engl J Med 2005;352:2524 –33.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arbustini E, Grasso M, Diegoli M, et al. Coronary thrombosis in non-cardiac death. Coron Artery Dis 1993;4:751–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arbustini E, Grasso M, Diegoli M, et al. Coronary thrombosis in non-cardiac death. Coron Artery Dis 1993;4:751–9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vaccarino V, Badimon L, Corti R, et al. Ischaemic heart disease in women: are there sex differences in pathophysiology and risk factors? Position paper from the working group on coronary pathophysiology and microcirculation of the European Society of Cardiology. Cardiovasc Res 2011;90:9 –17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vaccarino V, Badimon L, Corti R, et al. Ischaemic heart disease in women: are there sex differences in pathophysiology and risk factors? Position paper from the working group on coronary pathophysiology and microcirculation of the European Society of Cardiology. Cardiovasc Res 2011;90:9 –17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lanza GA, Crea F. Primary coronary microvascular dysfunction: clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and management. Circulation 2010;121:2317–25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lanza GA, Crea F. Primary coronary microvascular dysfunction: clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and management. Circulation 2010;121:2317–25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koenig W, Khuseyinova N. Biomarkers of atherosclerotic plaque instability and rupture. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007;27:15–26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koenig W, Khuseyinova N. Biomarkers of atherosclerotic plaque instability and rupture. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007;27:15–26.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matsuzawa Y, Sugiyama S, Sugamura K, et al. Digital assessment of endothelial function and ischemic heart disease in women. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55:1688 –96.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matsuzawa Y, Sugiyama S, Sugamura K, et al. Digital assessment of endothelial function and ischemic heart disease in women. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55:1688 –96.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Halcox JP, Schenke WH, Zalos G, et al. Prognostic value of coronary vascular endothelial dysfunction. Circulation 2002;106:653– 8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Halcox JP, Schenke WH, Zalos G, et al. Prognostic value of coronary vascular endothelial dysfunction. Circulation 2002;106:653– 8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ulucay A, Demirbag R, Yilmaz R, et al. The relationship between plasma C-reactive protein levels and presence and severity of coronary stenosis in patients with stable angina. Angiology 2007;58:657–62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ulucay A, Demirbag R, Yilmaz R, et al. The relationship between plasma C-reactive protein levels and presence and severity of coronary stenosis in patients with stable angina. Angiology 2007;58:657–62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pirro M, Bergeron J, Dagenais GR, et al. Age and duration of follow-up as modulators of the risk for ischemic heart disease associated with high plasma C-reactive protein levels in men. Arch Intern Med 2001;161:2474–80.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pirro M, Bergeron J, Dagenais GR, et al. Age and duration of follow-up as modulators of the risk for ischemic heart disease associated with high plasma C-reactive protein levels in men. Arch Intern Med 2001;161:2474–80.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
