Carotid Atherosclerosis Severity in Unorganized Adult Population
https://doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2019-15-1-84-89
Abstract
Aim. To study sex and age distribution of ultrasound parameters characterizing carotid atherosclerotic (CAS) severity in the unorganized urban population.
Material and methods. The data obtained in Tomsk as a fragment of the ESSE-RF study are presented (n=1600; 25-64 years age; 59% – women). All participants signed informed consent. We studied CAS plaque count, both total and maximum plaque thickness and stenosis degree in the carotid arteries.
Results. The general population quantitative indicators of CAS increased with age, most actively in 40-54 years in men and 45-59 years in women. At the age of 40-44 years in men, the growth of the general population indicators was due to a noticeable increase in both plaque prevalence and of CAS severity. In 45-49 years, the prevalence increased intensively, whereas in 50-54 years growth of plaque count/size indicators were more attributive. In women 45-59 years old formation of the general population indicators concerned was mostly due to steady increase in the plaque prevalence, while out of all quantitative CAS parameters the total stenosis degree only increased significantly in 50-54 years. The general population indicators of CAS severity were higher in men than in women starting up with the age of 40 and until 55 the gender effect was merely explained by the difference in the plaque prevalence.
Conclusion. Features of the gender and age distribution of the quantitative parameters of CAS among the adult urban population are determined; the age periods of their most active growth are established. The presented data on the CAS severity percentile distribution can be useful as an additional tool for risk stratification and the choice of therapy/lifestyle modification tactics in people of working age. Further studies are needed to help to explain the trends and to clarify the predictive role of the indicators studied.
About the Authors
V. S. Kaveshnikov
Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
MD, PhD, Senior Researcher, Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Cardiology Research Institute,
Kievskaya ul. 111a, Tomsk, 634012
V. N. Serebryakova
Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
MD, PhD, Senior Researcher, Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Cardiology Research Institute,
Kievskaya ul. 111a, Tomsk, 634012
I. A. Trubacheva
Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Cardiology Research Institute,
Kievskaya ul. 111a, Tomsk, 634012
S. A. Shalnova
National Medical Research Center for Preventive Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
MD, PhD, Professor, Head of the Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases,
Petroverigsky per. 10, Moscow, 101990
References
1. Shalnova S.A., Deev A.D. Russian mortality trends in the early XXI century: official statistics data. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2011;10(6):5-10. (In Russ).
2. Ware J.H. The limitations of risk factors as prognostic tools. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:2615-7. doi:10.1056/NEJMp068249.
3. Vasan R.S., Kannel W.B. Strategies for cardiovascular risk assessment and prevention over the life course: progress amid imperfections. Circulation. 2009;120:360-3. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.881995.
4. Johnsen S.H., Ellisiv B.M. Ultrasound imaging of carotid atherosclerosis in a normal population. The Tromso Study. Norsk Epidemiologi. 2009;19(1):17-28. doi:10.1007/s10654-009-9322-2.
5. Ershova A.I., Meshkov A.N., Boytsov S.A., Balakhonova T.V. Modern ultrasound methods and atherosclerosis assessment in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2011;10(3):113-22. (In Russ).
6. Spence J.D. Technology Insight: Ultrasound Measurement of Carotid Plaque - Patient Management, Genetic Research, and Therapy Evaluation. Nat Clin Pract Neurol. 2006;12(11):611-9. doi:10.1038/ncpneuro0324.
7. Ikeda N., Kogame N., Iijima R. et al. Carotid artery intima-media thickness and plaque score can predict the SYNTAX score. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(1):113-9. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr399.
8. Rundek T., Arif H., Boden-Albala B. et al. Carotid plaque, a subclinical precursor of vascular events: The Northern Manhattan Study. Neurology. 2008;70(14):1200-07. doi:10.1212/01.wnl. 0000303969.63165.34.
9. Ebrahim S., Papacosta O., Whincup P. et al. Carotid plaque, intima media thickness, cardiovascular risk factors, and prevalent cardiovascular disease in men and women: the British Regional Heart Study. Stroke. 1999;30:841-50.
10. Perk J., De Backer G., Gohlke H. et al. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012). Eur Heart J. 2012;33(13):1635-701. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092.
11. Spence J.D., Eliasziw M., DiCicco M. et al. Carotid plaque area: a tool for targeting and evaluating vascular preventive therapy. Stroke. 2002;33:2916-22.
12. Handa N., Matsumoto M., Maeda H. et al. Ischemic stroke events and carotid atherosclerosis. Results of the Osaka Follow-up Study for Ultrasono-graphic Assessment of Carotid Atherosclerosis (the OSACA Study). Stroke. 1995;26:1781-6.
13. Sakaguchi M., Kitagawa K., Nagai Y. et al. Equivalence of plaque score and intima-media thickness of carotid ultrasonography for predicting severe coronary artery lesion. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2003;29:367-71. doi:10.1016/S0301-5629(02)00743-3.
14. Morito N., Inoue Y., Urata M. et al. Increased carotid artery plaque score is an independent predictor of the presence and severity of coronary artery disease. J Cardiol. 2008;51:25-32. doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2007.09.003.
15. Störk S., van den Beld A.W., von Schacky C. et al. Carotid artery plaque burden, stiffness, and mortality risk in elderly men: a prospective, population-based cohort study. Circulation. 2004;110(3):344-8. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000134966.10793.C9.
16. Joakimsen O., Bonaa K.H., Stensland-Bugge E. et al. Age and Sex Differences in the Distribution and Ultrasound Morphology of Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Tromso Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999;19:3007-13.
17. Fabris F., Zanocchi M., Bo M. et al. Carotid plaque, aging, and risk factors. A study of 457 subjects. Stroke. 1994;25(6):1133-40.
18. Mannami T., Konishi M., Baba S. et al. Prevalence of Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerotic Lesions Detected by High-Resolution Ultrasonography and Its Relation to Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the General Population of a Japanese City. The Suita Study. Stroke. 1997;28:518-25.
19. Chazova I.E., Trubacheva I.A., Zhernakova Yu.V. et al. The prevalence of arterial hypertension as a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases in one of the cities in Siberian Federal District. Systemic Hypertension. 2013;10(4):30-7. (In Russ).
20. Zhernakova Yu.V., Kaveshnikov V.S., Serebriakova V.N. et al. The prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in spontaneous populations in Tomsk. Systemic Hypertension. 2014;11(4):37-42. (In Russ).
21. Boytsov S.A., Karpov Yu. A., Kukharchuk V.V. et al. Identification of Patients at High Cardiovascular Risk: Problems and Possible Solutions. (Part I). Journal of Atherosclerosis and Dyslipidaemias. 2010;1(1):8-14. (In Russ).
22. Golovina A.E., Katamadze N.O., Bondareva E.V. et al. The role of ultrasound imaging of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in predicting of cardiovascular risk in primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Dyslipidaemias. 2017;1(26):5-16. (In Russ).
23. Lemolo F., Martiniuk A., Steinman D.A. et al. Sex differences in carotid plaque and stenosis. Stroke. 2004;35:477-81. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000110981.96204.64.
Review
For citations:
Kaveshnikov V.S., Serebryakova V.N., Trubacheva I.A., Shalnova S.A. Carotid Atherosclerosis Severity in Unorganized Adult Population. Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology. 2019;15(1):84-89. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2019-15-1-84-89
Views:
957
Email this article 